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BRL 1961, UDEC I II III, start page 0884

UDEC I II III

Unitized Digital Electronic Calculator Models I II and III MANUFACTURER The Burroughs Corporation Electronic Instrument Division
Photo by Burroughs Corporation APPLICATIONS Scientific computing and commercial data processing PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM UDEC I Internal number system Binary coded decimal Decimal digits/word 10 Decimal digits/instruction 5 Instructions per word 2 Instructions decoded 34 Instructions used 34 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One or two address Number range 10-9 <= n <= 109 Program selection permits one- or two-address modes of operation. The decimal point may be manually set at any desired location. Two address operation is optional for optimum programming. UDEC II III Internal number system Excess-three bin coded dec Decimal digits/word 9 plus sign digit Decimal digits/instruction 5 Instructions per word 2 Instructions decoded 40 Instructions used 32 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address Number range Movable decimal point Two address word possible if second instruction in each word is unconditional transfer. Each instruction is one half word, i.e. 5 digits. Of these, 3 digits specify address and 2 digits the command. ARITHMETIC UNIT UDEC I Incl Stor Access Exclud Stor Access Microsec Microsec Add time 176-264 88-176 Mult 4,000 3.912 Div 6,000 5,912 Construction Vacuum tubes 3,000 Magnetic cores 320
BRL 1961, UDEC I II III, start page 0885
Rapid access word registers 2 Basic pulse repetition rate 125 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Serial-parallel Timing Synchronous UDEC II III Exclud Stor Access Microsec Add time 680 Mult time 30,000 Div time 30,000 Construction Vacuum tubes Basic pulse repetition rate 125 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Serio parallel Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential STORAGE UDEC I Access Media Words Digits Microsec Magnetic Drum 5,300 53,000 8,000(avg) Magnetic Cores 100 1,000 88 UDEC II III Magnetic Core 1,000 20/5 digits Magnetic Drum 10,000 8,500(avg) 53,000 decimal digits total drum storage. Drum information contained in blocks of 200 words for transfer to and from core storage. INPUT UDEC I media speed Paper Tape (Ferranti Photoelectric) 400 char/sec Keyboard Manual UDEC II III Paper Tape (Ferranti Photoelectric) 120 char/sec Paper Tape (Potter magnetic tape handler modified far photoelectric input) Magnetic Tape (Potter) OUTPUT UDEC I Media Speed Printer 6 char/sec Paper Tape 60 char/sec UDEC II III Paper Tape Teletype (2)(5-level) 60 char/sec Paper Tape Teletype;(7-level) 60 char/sec Magnetic Tape (Potter) CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM UDEC I Tubes 3,000 Tube types 8 Crystal diodes 6,000 Magnetic cores 4,700 Separate cabinets28 standard, 19 in x 7 ft, ea Tube types include 6CL6, 5687, 7AK7, 6197, 12AU7, 12AT7, 6BC5, 12BH7. System is constructed of standard Burroughs pulse control equipment and interconnected with R662U coaxial cable. UDEC II III Tubes 3,000 Machine consists of Burroughs Pulse Control Equipment, approximately 600 units in all. CHECKING FEATURES UDEC I Modulo 3 arithmetic check Modulo 3 check on each word transferred to and from storage. Forbidden combination multiply and divide check. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION UDEC I Power, computer 30 Kw 32 KVA Space, computer 400 sq ft area, floor space part of machine Capacity, air condit Blower-exhaust type System arranged in form of an almost closed rectangle. UDEC II III Power, computer 33 Kw Space, computer 31 racks Capacity, air cond. 15 Tons PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced 2 (Incl UDEC I) Number in current operation 2 Delivery time 6 months UDEC I located at Wayne University, Detroit, Michigan. UDEC II III located at Burroughs Corporation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES UDEC I Approximate cost of basic system $500,000. Approximate cost of modifications and additions $200,000. UDEC II III Approximate cost of basic system $200,000. Additional equipment 100,000. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY UDEC I Average error-free running period 7 Hours/8 Hour/shift Good time 8.5 Hours Attempted to run time 10 Hours Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.85 Figures based on period May 53 to Nov 56. Passed Customer Acceptance TestDee 53. Decimal-binary automatic conversion is utilized. UDEC II III Average error-free running period 6 Hours Operating ratio 0.85 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Oct 53 ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS UDEC II III Burroughs UDEC III is a general modification of UDEC II. UDEC III will consist of Burroughs pulse control equipment which has been used in UDEC II. The basic flexibility of this equipment provides for a maximum of modification with respect to special instructions and special input-output equipment which must be added as required. INSTALLATIONS Wayne University (UDEC I) Computational laboratory Detroit 1, Michigan Burroughs Corporation (UDEC II III) Electronic Instrument Division 1209 Vine Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 60, start page 0886

UNIVAC 60

Universal Automatic Computer Model 60 MANUFACTURER Remington Rand Univac Division Sperry Rand Corporation APPLICATIONS Manufacturer Business and scientific data processing. Joliet Arsenal, Comptroller, E.A.M. Systems Branch Located at Joliet Arsenal, Joliet, Illinois, the system is used for civilian payroll, civilian personnel statistics, stock accounting, cost accounting, and procurement accounting. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Biquinary, decimal, and alphabetic Decimal digits/word Variable from 1 to 10 digits plus sign Digits/instruction Not internally programmed Arithmetic system Fixed point, variable Instruction type Three address Number range Variable ARITHMETIC UNIT The timing is synchronous. The operation is sequential. One full cycle on the computer requires 400 milliseconds. 75 milliseconds are required for feeding, sensing, and punching the card. 325 remain for calculation. If the calculation requires more than 325 milliseconds, the computer automatically waits until the end of calculation signal has been given before punching, feeding and sensing the next card. Buffing is not used. The purpose of the electronic computing unit is: To connect card columns for sensing, punching, and reproducing. To set constant values. To set the machine for the operations to be performed and the sequence of the operations. To perform all calculations with an electronic accumulator. To store the values calculated. To check each arithmetic step. To visibly read all elements of all arithmetic steps. The arithmetic unit uses floating point but storage uses a selected fixed point. The biquinary code is as follows: Digits Biquinary Code 0 0 1 1,0 2 2 4 4,2 5 1, 4 6 6 7 1,6 8 8 9 1,8 Alphabetic characters are wired to become two or three numeric characters at the input level. For example, an A becomes 111, a C becomes 99. See Storage. Negative numbers are carried as the tens complement of the number. A negative sign indicates that the value is negative instead of positive. The location of the decimal point is variable and may be arbitrarily assigned to .each input and storage location. There is only one arithmetic register, called the accumulator. It has a capacity of 22 digits. The computation of each program step takes place within the accumulator. For example, an addition would be performed as follows: 1) Clear the accumulator 2) Eater the first value according to its decimal location. 3) Enter the decimal location of the second value. 4) Shift the first value to align with the decimal of the second value. 5) Enter the second value, performing the process of addition. 6) Enter the decimal location of the result storage and shift the result to align with it. 7 Place the result in the result storage. 8) Subtract value two from the result. 9) Subtract value one from the result of 8). 10) Check to be certain that the accumulator is zero. Each step is balanced to zero before the computer continues to the next step. The four possible steps and the method used to check each are: Step Proof Value 1 + Value 2 = Result Result - Value 2 - Value 1 = 0 Value 1 - Value 2 = Result Result + Value 2 - Value 1 = 0 Value 1 x Value 2 = Result Result/Value 2 - Value 1 = 0 Value l/Value 2 = Result Result x Value 2 - Value 1 = 0 The computer will not continue unless the step checks to zero. The computer has automatic decimal alignment. Programs have been developed which use a floating point method, although the computer is operating with automatic alignment. Scaling may be accomplished by multiplying or dividing the number by a factor, or changing the decimal location by a selector. An overflow stops the computer. The remainder is dropped off in the final result, although it is used during the proof of the step. The round-off of sums, differences, products and quotients depends on the decimal location of the result storage. The accumulator unit has 22 positions, as follows: M Sections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 A Sections 11 to 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 All results are placed in storage from positions 10-1 of the A Section. Each storage is assigned a decimal location for the program involved. A location
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 60, start page 0887
of 4/3 would mean that three places are to be retained in the result following the decimal. If the result of any step-addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division contains more places than those allowed in the result storage, the additional digits will be located in the M Section, beginning in column 11. When the result is placed in the storage unit, they are thereby rounded off. Rounding off requires an addition step. Comparisons are made by two subtraction steps. Each step has two branchings, plus and minus. Zero is always considered plus. The first step of the two value 1 minus value 2. If the result is minus, value 2 is greater than value 1. If the result is plus, value 1 is equal to or greater than value 2. The second step would be value 2 minus value 1. If the result is minus, value 1 is greater than value 2. If the result is plus, value 1 and value 2 are equal. Control Unit The computer has no stored program. The input-output panel indicates the card fields to be sensed, punched and reproduced. The constant program panel indicates the program to be followed, step by step, and the constant value which will be used. The computer operates on a three address system. Each program step, which is externally wired, contains the following six instructions, in the following form: V1 Pr V2 = R - BR + BR V1 The storage, constant, or card-read field to be used as value 1. Pr The process (+, -, x, /) V2 The storage, constant, or card-read field to be used as value 2. R The storage into which the result is to be placed. -BR The next step or operational function to be performed if the sign of the result is minus +BR The next step or operational function to be performed if the sign of the result is plus. Breakpoint stops may be included in the program. At the plus or minus branching of any step an instruc tion requiring a division of 0 by 0 or a number by 0 may be given. Both of these steps cause the computer to stop, and a corresponding light is lit. The electronic computing unit contains a control panel with a dial. Each step may be dialed in turn. For each step value 1, value 2, the result, the process, the branching, all decimal locations and whether the step checks may be read from the panel. The computer will stop under the following conditions: 1) Empty feeding magazine. 2) Full receiving magazine or chip pan. 3) Sensing of alpha. 4) Zero divided by zero. 5) Number divided by zero. 6) Incorrect voltage. 7) Temperature too high. 8) Overflow condition on a step. 9) Failure to check. STORAGE Medium Words Digits Vacuum tube 6 60 The storage system used is biquinary. Each column of storage contains 5 tubes, representing the digits 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9. There is no tube for zero, which is represented by the fact that none of the tubes are lit. An odd digit is represented by the corres- ponding tube 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. An even digit is represented by the odd digit which is immediately lower in value, plus the 9. Therefore, a 2 is 1 plus 9, a 4 is 3 plus 9, a 6 is 5 plus 9 and an 8 is 7 plus 9. The word length in storage is ten digits (columns) plus sign. Alphabetic characters require five columns of storage for two characters, three columns for a single character. A single word can therefore contain 4 columns of alphabetic characters as opposed to 10 columns of numeric characters. Storage is actually part of the computing unit. There is no buffing unit. INPUT Medium Card Sensing-Punching Unit The purpose of the Card Sensing-Punching unit is to sense and punch tabulating cards and to indicate and control general machine operation. A maximum of 36 words (card read fields) may be used in one program. Up to 60 digits may be divided as necessary among 36 words. The sign of each field is in addition to the 60 digits. A 90 column punched card code is used. This is the same biquinary code as is used in the storage unit. All 36 words are sensed simultaneously on one cycle. Five columns are required to sense two columns of alphabetic information; three columns are required to sense one column of alphabetic information. Joliet Arsenal Medium Speed Cards 150 cards/min OUTPUT Medium Card Sensing-Punching Unit Joliet Arsenal Medium Speed Cards 150 cards/min POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Card Sensing-Punching Unit The Card Sensing-Punching Unit measures 2 ft. 11 in. long, 2 ft. 6 in. wide, 5 ft. 9 in. high, and weighs 1,020 lbs. This unit may operate from any of the following power services: a) 208 volt single phase, 4 wire, 60 cycles b) 230 volt single phase, 3 wire, 60 cycles c) 220 volt single phase, 3 wire, 60 cycles d) 120 volt three phase, 4 wire, 60 cycles e) 220 volt three phase, 3 wire, 60 cycles f) 220 volt three phase wye system, 50 cycles. The Electronic Computing Unit measures 7 ft. 2 in. wide, 2 ft. 6 in. deep, 5 ft. 9 in, high and weighs 2,210 lbs. The unit operates from the same power sources as the Card Sensing-Punching Unit. The unit is ventilated by fan forced room air. Joliet Arsenal Power, air conditioner 5 Kw 0.90 pf Volume, computer 145 cu ft Volume, air conditioner 31.5 cu ft Area, computer 43 sq ft Area, air conditioner 4.75 sq ft Room size 16 ft x 10 ft 6 in Floor loading 80 lbs/sq ft Weight, computer 3,230 lbs Weight, air conditioner 500 lbs
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 60, start page 0888
COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Approximate cost of basic system $75,000. Rental rate for basic system, standard shift $690$1,050/month. Second shift operation charge is an additional 50,% of the Standard Rate. Third shift operation charge is an additional 50% of the Standard Rate. Maintenance, including cost of parts, except due to customer negligence, is included in the rental rates above. The charge for maintenance to a customer who purchases, rather than leases, but who requires maintenance operations is $3,750 per year for a machine less than 6 years old and $4,500 for a machine 6 to 11 years old. Customer's personnel are trained at no extra charge. Joliet Arsenal Basic system rents at $740. 4 Key punches, 3 tabulators, 1 auto-verifier, 3 summary punches, 1 collator, 2 interpreters, 1 reproducer, and 3 sorters rents at $2,594/month. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Joliet Arsenal One 8-Hour Shift Supervisors 3 Programmers 2 Clerks 1 Operators u Operation tends toward open shop. Methods of training used includes formal training furnished by the manufacturer and on-the-job training. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Joliet Arsenal Good time 15 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time 18 Hours/Week (Average) Above figures based on period from Jun 59 to Jun 60 Time is not available for rent to outside organiza- tions. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS The Univac 60 and Univac 120 Systems are similar, except with regard to such items as storage capacity, price, rental rate, and service costs. FUTURE PLANS Joliet Arsenal Continuation of improvements and refinement of present applications. INSTALLATIONS Joliet Arsenal Comptroller, E. A. M. Systems Branch Joliet, Illinois PRODUCTION RECORD Total number of Univac 60 and 120 Systems 1,000
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 60, start page 0889
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BRL 1961, UNIVAC 120, start page 0890

UNIVAC 120

Universal Autometic Computer Model 120 MANUFACTURER Remington Rand Univac Division of Sperry Rand Corporation
Photo by Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines APPLICATIONS Manufacturer Business and scientific data processing. U. S. Bureau of Reclamation Located at Ephrata, Washington, system is used for the solution of engineering, e.g., earthwork and subdivision of sections, and administrative problems, e.g. irrigation accounts, crop census, land owership records, payroll, accounts receivable and payable, stock records, personnel roster, and vehicle utilization and costs. U. S. Army Chemical Corps Proving Ground, Dugway Located in the Computer Section, Test Design & Anal- ysis Office, the system is used for calculation of results of various chemical and biological field tests, statistical and mathematical analysis of field test results, meteorological research, and cost accounting, payroll, property inventory, and other standard commercial type applications. U. S. Bureau of Mines Located at the Central Experiment Station, Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh 13, Pennsylvania, the system is used in the Computation Laboratory. The Computation Laboratory is an internal service bureau whose facil- ities are made available to all organizational seg- ments of the Bureau of Mines. These services can be divided into three major categories: technical, statistical and accounting. The technical calcula- tions encompass many areas in the general field of numerical analysis such as determination of curves ofbest fit, rational approximations of a variety of functions, numerical integration and differentiation, matrix operations, interpolation and the solution of algebraic and transcendental equations. These cal- culations result from the desire for numerical solu- tions of some of the problems encountered by technical personnel in the Bureau's programs in combustion, explosive and mineral research, statistical services include those rendered to the film library and dis- tributing group, Coal Analysis Section, and in basic data reduction and correlation studies for some of the Bureau's major canvasses. Accounting services include payroll and cost distribution, property inven- tory and transactions, and employee personnel records. AiResearch Manufacturing Company of Arizona Located at 402 South 36th Street, Phoenix, Arizona, the two systems are used for computation of payroll, earnings to date, accrual of vacation and sick leave hours and money, extension of labor charges and bur- den, production planning, production parts scheduling, parts issue, accounts payable, inventory accounting,
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 120, start page 0891
Photo by Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation cost accounting, laboratory facility burden, quality control, and assets depreciation. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Biquinary, decimal, and alphabetic Decimal digits/word Variable from 1 to 10 digits plus sign Number of digits/instruction Not internally programmed Arithmetic system Fixed point, variable Instruction type Three address Number range Variable ARITHMETIC UNIT The timing is synchronous. The operation is sequential. One full cycle on the computer requires 400 milliseconds. 75 milliseconds are required for feeding, sensing, and punching the card. 325 remain for calculation. If the calculation requires more than 325 milliseconds, the computer automatically waits until the end of calculation signal has been given before punching, feeding and sensing the next card. Buffing is not used. The purpose of the electronic computing unit is: To connect card columns for sensing, punching, and reproducing. To set constant values. To set the machine for the operations to be performed and the sequence of the operations. To perform all calculations with an electronic accumulator. To store the values calculated. To check each arithmetic step. To visibly read all elements of all arithmetic steps. The arithmetic unit uses floating point but storage uses a selected fixed point. The biquinary code is as follows: Digits Biquinary code 0 0 1 1,0 2 2 3 1,2 4 4 5 1,4 6 6 7 1,6 8 8 9 1,8
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 120, start page 0892
Photo by U. S. Array Chemical Corps Proving Ground (Dugway) Alphabetic characters are wired to become two or three numeric characters at the input level. For example, an A becomes 111, a C becomes 99. See Storage. Negative numbers are carried as the tens complement of the number. A negative sign indicates that the value is negative instead of positive. The location of the decimal point is variable and may be arbitrarily assigned to each input and storage location. There is only one arithmetic register, called the accumulator. It has a capacity of 22 digits. The computation of each program step takes place within the accumulator. For example, an addition would be performed as follows: 1) Clear the accumulator. 2) Enter the first value according to its decimal location. 3) Enter the decimal location of the second value. 4) Shift the first value to align with the decimal of the second value. 5) Enter the second value, performing the process of addition. 6) Enter the decimal location of the result storage and shift the result to align with it. 7) Place the result in the result storage. 8) Subtract value two from the result. 9) Subtract value one from the result of 8). 10) Check to be certain that the accumulator is zero. Each step is balanced to zero before the computer continues to the next step. The four possible steps and the method used to check each are: Step Proof Value 1 + Value .2 = ResultResult - Value 2 - Value 1 = 0 Value 1 - Value 2 = ResultResult + Value 2 - Value 1 + 0 Value 1 x Value 2 = ResultResult = Value 2 - Value 1 = 0 Value 1 : Value 2 = ResultResult x Value 2 - Value 1 = 0 The computer will not continue unless the step checks to zero. The computer has automatic decimal alignment. Programs have been developed which use a floating point method, although the computer is operating with automatic alignment. Scaling may be accomplished by multiplying or dividing the number by a factor, or changing the decimal
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 120, start page 0893
location by a selector. An overflow stops the computer. The remainder is dropped off in the final result, although it is used during the proof of the step. The round--off of sums, differences, products and quotients depends on the decimal location of the result storage. The accumulator unit has 22 positions, as follows: M Sections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 A Sections 11 l0 98 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 All results are placed in storage from positions 10-1 of the A Section. Each storage is assigned a decimal location for the program involved. A location of 4/3 would mean that three places are to be retained in the result following the decimal. If the result of any step-addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division contains more places than those allowed in the result storage, the additional digits will be located in the M Section, beginning in column 11. When the result is placed in the storage unit, they are thereby rounded off. Rounding off requires an addition step. Comparisons are made by two subtraction steps. Each step has two branchings, plus and minus. Zero is always considered plus. The first step of the two would be value 1 minus value 2. If the result is minus, value 2 is greater than value 1. If the result is plus, value 1 is equal to or greater than value 2. The second step would be value 2 minus value 1. If the result is minus, value 1 is greater than value 2. If the result is plus, value 1 and value 2 are equal. Control Unit The computer has no stored program. The input-output panel indicates the card fields to be sensed, punched and reproduced. The constant program panel indicates the program to be followed, step by step, and the constant values which will be used. The computer operates on a three address system. Each program step, which is externally wired, contains the following six instructions, in the following form: V1 Pr V2 = R - Br. + Br. V1 The storage, constant, or card-read field to be used as value 1. Pr The process (+, -, x, :) V2 The storage, constant, or card-read field to be used as value 2. R The storage into which the result is to be placed. -Br The next step or operational function to be performed if the sign of the result is minus. +Br The next step or operational function to be performed if the sign of the result is plus. Breakpoint stops may be included in the program. At the plus or minus branching of any step an instruction requiring a division of 0 by 0 or a number by 0 may be given. Both of these steps cause the computer to stop, and a corresponding light is lit. The electronic computing unit contains a control panel with a dial. Each step may be dialed in turn. For each step value 1, value 2, the result, the process, the branching, all decimal locations and whether the step checks may be read from the panel. The computer will stop under the following conditions: 1) Empty feeding magazine 2) Full receiving magazine or chip pan 3) Sensing of alpha 4) Zero divided by zero 5) Number divided by zero 6) Incorrect voltage 7) Temperature too high 8) Overflow condition on a step 9) Failure to check. STORAGE Manufacturer Medium Words Vacuum Tube 12 The code system used is biquinary. Each column of storage contains 5 tubes, representing the digits 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9. There is no tube for zero, which is represented by the fact that none of the tubes are lit. An odd digit is represented by the corresponding tube 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9. An even digit is represented by the odd digit which is immediately lower in value, plus the 9. Therefore, a 2 is 1 plus 9, a 4 is 3 plus 9, a 6 is 5 plus 9 and an 8 is 7 plus 9. The word length in storage is ten digits (columns) plus sign. Alphabetic characters require five columns of storage for two characters, three columns for a singe character. A single word can therefore contain 4 colas of alphabetic characters as opposed to 10 columns of numeric characters. Storage is actually part of the computing unit. There is no buffing unit. Bureau of Reclamation Constant Storage l08 Digits These digits may be grouped into as many as 36 ele- ments or individual constant values from 1 to 10 digits. Intermediate Storage 12 units of 10 columns each Each unit related to accumulator columns 1 through 10. INPUT Manufacturer Medium Card Sensing-Punching Unit The purpose of the Card Sensing-Punching Unit is to sense and punch tabulating cards and to indicate and control general machine operation. A maximum of 36 words (card read fields) may be used in one program. Up to 120 digits may be divided as necessary among 36 words. The sign of each field is in addition to the 120 digits. A 90 column punched card code is used. This is the same biquinary code as is used in the storage unit. All 36 words are sensed simultaneously on one cycle. Five columns are required to sense two columns of alphabetic information; three columns are required to sense one column of alphabetic information. Bureau of Reclamation Input Storage - 90 columns: one for each column of a 90 column card. Input - 120 columns from the 90 columns of input storage. Speed is 125 cards/min. The input is grouped into 12 identical units of 10 columns each. Each unit is related to accumulator columns 1 through 10. These 120 columns of input will accommodate as many as 36 elements or individual input values varying in size from one to 10 digits.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 120, start page 0894
Dugway P. G. Medium Speed Cards 150 cards/min AiResearch Cards 150 cards/min OUTPUT Manufacturer Card Sensing-Punching Unit The Card Sensing-Punching Unit measures 2 ft. 11 in. long, 2 ft. 6 in. wide, 5 ft. 9 in. high, and weighs 1,020 lbs. This unit may operate from any of the following power services: a) 208 volt single phase, 4 wire, 60 cycles b) 230 volt single phase, 3 wire, 60 cycles c) 220 volt single phase, 3 wire, 60 cycles d) 120 volt three phase, 4 wire, 60 cycles e) 220 volt three phase, 3 wire, 60 cycles f) 220 volt three phase wye system, 50 cycles The Electronic Computing Unit measures 7 ft. 2 in. wide, 2 ft. 6 in. deep, 5 ft. 9 in. high and weighs 2,210 lbs. The unit operates from the same power sources as the Card Sensing-Punching Unit. The unit is ventilated by fan forced room air. Bureau of Reclamation Output Storage - 90 columns: one for each column of a 90 column card. Speed is 125 cards/min. Output - 120 columns for the 90 columns of output storage. The output is from the twelve, 10 column Intermediate Storage Units, for the punching of the 10-digit maximum results. Dugway P. G. Medium Speed Cards 150 cards/min AiResearch Cards 150 cards/min This machine has only one card input/output device, therefore, the input and output cards are the same or must be interfiled prior to computing. The ma- chine normally operates at the 150 cards/min speed, but does not have a post sensing station for verifi- cation. Two passes of the cards are required for verification. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Bureau of Reclamation Power, computer 10 Kw 8.0 KVA Volume, computer 142.5 cu ft Area, computer 43 sq ft Room size, computer 143 sq ft (working area) 168 sq ft (rectangular area) Floor loading 75.1 lbs/sq ft Weight, computer 3,230 lbs Site preparation: Installation of 220-volt power junction box, acoustical tile (ceiling of EDP room only) and ventilating hood for the Univac 120. The building is of reinforced concrete construction with the EDP unit located in the basement. The Univac 120 may be adjusted at the time of installation to operate from 208, 220, or 230 volts, alternating current, providing the regulation of the power source can be held to plus or minus 5,% of any of the above voltages. This voltage must be measured at the junction of the power supply line and computer power line, and under normal line load conditions. In the event the regulation is not within the 5%,, plus or minus, a voltage regulator is necessary. The air conditioner is included in the Electronic Computing Unit of the Univac 120 to assist in maintaining that unit at the most desirable operating temperature. The air conditioner consists of four 15 inch fans in the base located above air filters. These fans operate at 1750 rpm to force air through the inside of the unit. The heat dissipation is approximately 400 BTU/min. The air flow through the machine to affect cooling is 2500 cubic feet per minute. Dugway P. G. Power, computer 10.3 Kw 8 KVA 0.777 pf Volume, computer 142.5 cu ft Volume, sir conditioner61.25 cu ft Area, computer 25 sq ft Area, air conditioner 8.75 sq ft Room size, computer22 ft x 27 ft Room size, air conditioner 22 ft x 27 ft Floor loading 75 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner3 Tons Weight, computer 3,230 lbs Weight, air conditioner 700 lbs The basic design of the building provided for a computer room and no special preparations were required. Bureau of Mines Power, computer 8 KVA 0.95 Pf w/voltage regulator Volume, computer 142.5 cu ft Area, computer 43 sq ft Room size, computer145 sq ft min. Floor loading 75.1 lbs/sq ft 303.1 lbs concen max Capacity, air conditioner 17 Tons Weight, computer3,230 lbs Special voltage regulator and transformer required for efficient operation. Also, the 17 ton air conditioner cools the entire area. AiResearch Power, computer8.3 KVA 208v at 38 amps Volume, computer 517.5 cu ft Area, computer 43 sq ft Room size, computer16 ft x 10 ft Floor loading 75 lbs/sq ft 267 lbs concen max Weight, computer 3,230 lbs No special preparation except power requirements and voltage regulators. COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Manufacturer Approximate cost of basic system $97,500. Rental rate of basic system, standard shift $1,000-$1,275. Second shift operation charge is an additional 50% of the standard rate. Third shift operation charge is an additional 50',% of the standard rate. Maintenance, including cost of parts, except due to customer negligence, is included in the rental rates above. The charge for maintenance to a customer who purchases, rather than leases, but who requires maintenance operations is $4,875 per year for a machine less than 6 years old and $5,850 per year for a machine 6 to 11 years old. Customer's personnel are trained at no extra charge.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 120, start page 0895
Bureau of Reclamation Monthly Quantity Rental Univac 120 1 $1,170.00 Keypunch, Type 306-2 alpha- 3 120.00 betical w/visible automatic feed, 90 column Verifier, Type 313, 90 column 1 60.00 Sorter, Type 420, Electronic 1 87-50 Interpreter, Type 312-4 Posting 1 155.00 Collating Reproducer, Type 315-1 1 165.00 Alphabetical Tabulator, Series 1 475.00 3200 100 cards/min Summary Punch, Type 311 1 85.00 Portable Card Punch, Type 102 2 20.00 Electronic Collator, Type 319-2 1 125.00 Maintenance service included. Dugway P. G. Calculating Unit and Reader-Punch Unit rent at approximately $1,350 per month. Tabulator, Interpreter, Sorter, 2 Collators, and 2 Keypunches rent at approximately $900 per month. Bureau of Mines Basic system cost $95,783-53 + 5,850.00 excise tax Minimum capacity system$1,125/month Maximum capacity system1,350/month Bureau of Mines system1,300/month Maintenance service contract is included in rental AiResearch Qty Cost Monthly Used Each Rental Univac 120 Computer 2 $97,500 $1,350 Collators 2 10,000 125 Interpreters 2 6,945 Tab/Sum 6 31,968 535 Sorters 8 5,600 85 Reproducers 4 9,376 125 Above rentals are for one shift. Second shift are 50% additional. Maintenance service is included in rental. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Bureau of Reclamation one 8-Hour Shift Used Recommended Supervisors 1 1 Analysts 1 1 Operators 2 2 Keypunch Opera 2 2 Operation tends toward open shop. Prior to installation of hardware at Ephrata, Sperry Rand conducted training seminars for the selected operators. Since installation, the training program has been on an on-the-job basis. Dugway P. G. One 8-Hour Shift Used Recommended Supervisors 1 1 Programmers 4 4 Clerks 1 1 Operators 1 1 Technicians 1 1 Operation tends toward closed shop. On-the-job training and Remington Rand machine operation and programming classes are utilized for training. Bureau of Mines one 8-Hour shift Used Recommended Supervisors 1 2 Analysts 2 2 Technicians 1 2 Operation tends toward open shop. Company sponsored and on-the-job training are utilized. AiResearch Two 8-Hour Shifts Used Recommended Supervisors 2 2 Analysts 1 1 Programmers 1 1 Operators 2 2 Engineers 1 1 Technicians 2 2 The supervisors supervise the entire Tab Room and not just the computer operations. The analyst and the programmer are only part time for the computer. All Tab Room personnel are capable of operating this equipment. The engineer and technicians are furnished by the manufacturer and are responsible for all equipment. Operation tends toward open shop. Methods of training used include training by manufacturer's personnel and on-the-job training, closely supervised. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Bureau of Reclamation Good time 20 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time 21 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.95 Above figures based on period 1 Jan 60 to 30 Jun 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test 1 Apr 59 Time is available for rent to qualified outside organizations. Since the volume of applications the unit now processes are of accounting nature, we have some peak periods that exceed the capacity of the machines. However, we do have the capacity to absorb considerable more work, provided the scheduling emphasis could be placed on the non-peaking periods. Dugway P. G. Average error-free running period 24 machine hours Good time15 Hours/Week (Average, Attempted to run time20 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.75 Above figures based on period 1 Aug 59 to 1 Aug 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Nov 54 Time is available for rent to outside organizations. Bureau of Mines Good time36 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time40 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.90 Above figures based on period 1 Jan 60 to 30 Apr 60 Time is not available for rent to outside organizations. AiResearch Good time58.5 Hours/Week (Average Attempted to run time64.5 Hours/Week (Average Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.92 Above figures based on period 1 Jan 60 to 29 Apr 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Jan 56 Time is not available for rent to outside organizations. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Manufacturer The Univac 60 and Univac 120 Systems are similar, except with regard to such items as storage capacity, price, rental rate, and service costs.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 120, start page 0896
Bureau of Reclamation The Univac 120 automatically checks each arithmetical step of each calculation before proceeding to the next step. Forty program steps of the Univac 120 may be used in any numerical sequence desired. Furthermore, one program step or series of steps can be reused or repeated as often as required in any calculation. Sperry Rand machines require more careful programming. There are dividends to this, though, in that often through more careful programming we can realize much greater efficiency. As far as commercial applications are concerned, we find the size of a Univac 120 to be almost ideal. It is not so large as to lure us into over-program- ming an application; nor is it so small that we have to make repeated runs. Rather it seems to break our computations into sizes which can be effectively and economically handled. Dugway P. G. Outstanding features include low cost with punched card versatility. Although the present computer system was adequate for its original purpose, the problems being generated at Dugway are of such a nature that a plugboard programmed computer does not conveniently lend itself to their solution. AiResearch Outstanding features include internal checking of all computations, branching on each step, address instructions, and ample selectors give great versa- tility. FUTURE PLANS Bureau of Reclamation Feasibility studies are being conducted in many areas of our Project Office to determine the applications that are necessary for the EDP unit to be of greater value in reporting to management. With these factors in mind, the equipment requirements could conceivably change. However, additional equipment is not contemplated in the near future. Dugway P. G. A local Data Processing Committee is currently studying proposals received from approximately 12 vendors with the view that a small stored program computer would provide Dugway with the programming flexibility that is required in statistical and mathematical research operations. A stored program computer will allow us to solve problems that are not economically feasible with our current system. AiResearch Our present system is over 4 years old and has been expanded to the limit of punched cards. To further advance our system, we now have on order two (2) Sperry Rand Univac Solid State Tape Computers (one 80 Col., one 90 Col.) with 5 tape servos each. These are scheduled for delivery in September and November 1960. Initially we are considering these computers as a natural expansion to our present punched card system. As soon as our present system (modified to take advantage of the computers capabilities and magnetic tape) is "on the air", we will start to integrate our runs into a more sophisticated system, but keeping the shock of a new system to a minim. INSTALLATIONS U. S. Bureau of Reclamation Region 1, Columbia Basin Project Box 368 Ephrata, Washington U. S. Army Chemical Proving Ground, Dugway Test Design & Analysis Office Dugway, Utah U. S. Bureau of Mines 4800 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh 13, Pennsylvania AiResearch Manufacturing Company of Arizona 402 South 36th Street Phoenix, Arizona PRODUCTION RECORD Total number of Univac 60 and 120 Systems 1,000
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 120, start page 0897
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BRL 1961, UNIVAC 490, start page 0898

UNIVAC 490

UNIVAC 490 Real-Time System MANUFACTURER Sperry Rand Corporation Remington Rand Univac Division APPLICATIONS UNIVAC 490 System is essentially a communicationscomputer network which provides instantaneous inventory and production control data to companies and government agencies having widely scattered offices, plants and warehouses. Hundreds of transmitting and receiving devices strategically located throughout the country can communicate directly with the central processor. As a result, the computer can receive real-time data from a transaction source, process the raw data and deliver the necessary answers in ample time to complete the original transaction. A wide variety of input and output devices are available to meet specialized requirements. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 30 Binary digits/instruc- 30 tion Instructions/word 1 Instructions decoded 62 function code designators Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address Number range - 536,870,911 to + 536,870,911 Decimal Instruction word format +----+----+----+----+----+ | 6 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | +----+----+----+----+----+ | f | j | k | b | y | +----+----+----+----+----+ f - Function code designator j - Branch condition designator k - Operand-interpretation designator b - Operand address modification designator y - Operand designator Automatic coding Compiler and assembly routines will be supplied to all 490 users. Arithmetic Registers Seven B-registers (Address modifying registers 15 bits each) One A-register or accumulator 30 bits One Q-register and auxiliary arithmetic register 30 bits One P-register Program Address Counter 15 bits Transient Registers One X-register 30 bits One K-register 6 bits One S-register 15 bits One Z-register 30 bits One U-register 30 bits One R-register 15 bits One R'-register 15 bits One D-register 30 bits One Co-register (Communication Buffer Register) One C'-register (Communication Buffer Register) ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Exclud Stor Access Microsec Microsec Add 7.2-12 4.8-12 Mult 19.2-8+ 7.2-72 Div 84 72 Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Transistors 13,819 Diodes 37,543 Arithmetic mode Parallel Parallel one's complement binary notation Timing Synchronous Operation Concurrent STORAGE No. of Access Media No. of Words Dec Digits Microsec Magnetic Core 16,384-32,768 491,520-983,040 1.9 Magnetic core cycle time is 6 microseconds. Magnetic Drum 327,680 9,830,400 8,500 avg Type FH 500 Magnetic Drum 786,432 23,592,960 17,000 avg Type FH 880 Magnetic Tape UNIVAC Uniservo IIA No. of units that can be connected As many as 72 Uniservo Model IIA Tape Units may operate through a tape control unit and a channel synchronizer connected to a single input-output channel. The 490 System provides 12 input-output channels. Uniservo Model III may also be used with 490 System. No. of char/linear inch of tape 125 or 250 Char/inch Channels or tracks on the tape 8 Tracks/tape Tape speed 100 Inches/sec Transfer rate 25,000 Char/sec Start time 12 Millisec Stop time 9 Millisec Average time for experienced operator to change reel of tape 30 Seconds Physical properties of tape Width 0.500 Inches Length of reel 2,500 Feet Composition Metallic or Mylar INPUT Media Speed Magnetic Tape 125,000 Kilocycle/sec Model III Card Reader 600 cards/min80 Column Read-Punch Unit 150 cards/min 80 Column Keyboard and PrinterPrinted-page output is 60, 75 or 100 words/minute depending on telegraphic service. 12 Model IIA Units can be connected to one inputoutput channel. Can be operated by remote control. OUTPUT Media Speed Magnetic Tape 125,000 Kilocycle/sec High Speed Printer 600 lines/min On-line Read-Punch Unit 150 cards/min Keyboard and PrinterBecause the central site equipment can communicate directly with nearly any type of external digital equipment, remote inquiry answering devices of many -different designs can be a part of a 490 System. Usually remote inquiry answering units are especially designed to meet the re uirements of a real-time ap lication. CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type Quantity Diodes 37,543 All types Transistors 13,819 All types
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 490, start page 0899
POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Voltage = 208, 3 Phase, 60 cycle, Voltage Regulator +- 5% Heat Dis- Air Re- Floor sipation quirement ( I N C H E S ) Weight Loading Unit KVA BTU/Hr Cu Ft/Min Width Depth Height Lbs. Lbs/Sq Ft M490 Computer 4.0 20,000 1,000 120 36 96 - - w/Memory Flying Head Drum 0.25 1,000 50 24 30 21 180 36 Control Unit (FH 500 and FH 880) Flying Read Drum 0.10 400 50 24 30 14 120 24 Synchronizer Flying Head Drum 1.3 - - 36 30 40 400 55 Unit Synchronizer, 0.10 400 50 24 30 14 120 24 Tape Uniservo Con- 0.20 750 50 12 30 28 240 48 trol Unit Uniservo IIA 2.0 6,500 350 30 33 66 750 109 Console (Double) 1,100 50 42 18 60 300 60 Receives from computer central processor - PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date Prototype 1 Time required for delivery 18 months PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Appropriate courses will be provided at no cost to the user. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Specially designed for real-time use. Solid state components with their inherent advantages. Large expandable capacity high speed storage. Fast access - high density drum storage. High internal speed. Utmost reliability. Flexible input/output capabilities. Minimum space. Low power requirements. Minimum air. conditioning requirements. Ease of maintenance. Real-time and delta clocks.
Photo
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1101, start page 0900

UNIVAC 1101

Universal Automatic Scientific Computer 1101 MANUFACTURER Remington Rand Univac Division Sperry-Rand Corporation
Photo by Georgia Institute of Technology Engineering Experiment Station, Rich Electronic Computer Center APPLICATIONS Georgia Tech Commercial and scientific data processing. Education and research in all fields of engineering and science. Provides research assistance to commercial and industrial sponsors. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 24 Binary digits/instruction 24 Instructions per word 1 Instructions decoded 48 Instructions used 43 Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One address Number range 1-223 to 223-1 Negative numbers used are in the ones complement arithmetic. +5 = 00000005 and-5 = 77777772 octal. ARITHMETIC UNIT Exclud Stor Access Microsec Add time 5 Mult time 260 Div time 324 Construction Vacuum tubes Basic pulse repetition rate 400 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Parallel Timing Asynchronous Operation Sequential STORAGE Media Words Access Microsec Magnetic Drum 16,384 32 - 17,000 Magnetic Core 4,096 10 Georgia Tech A modified 1103A Magnetic Core System has been in- stalled on the 1101. The computer has a 24 binary digit word which is transferred and operated on in a parallel mode. INPUT Medium Paper Tape (35 words, 140 frames, 14 in)/sec OUTPUT Media Speed Paper Tape (Teletype) 60 char/sec Typewriter (Flexowriter) 10 char/sec CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 2,695 (18 types) Diodes 2,385 CHECKING FEATURES Improper command stops the machine. PRODUCTION RECORD Total number of Univac 1100 Series (all models) deliv- ered is 45.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1101, start page 0901
Photo by Georgia Institute of Technology Engineering Experiment Station, Rich Electronic Computer Center POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Power, computer 16 KVA 0.95 pf Power, air conditioner 1.2 KVA (Gas operated) Space, computer 2,880 cu ft, 360 sq ft Space, air conditioner 384 cu ft, 48 sq ft Room size, computer 720 sq ft Room size, air conditioner 192 sq ft Floor loading 44 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner 5 Tons Weight, computer 16,000 lbs Weight, air conditioner 1,500 lbs False floor (plenum for A.C.). Separate room for M. G. and A.C. Distribution duct from A.C. to computer. COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Machine donated to Georgia Institute of Technology (evaluated at $500,000). Magnetic Core System $39,000 Bull Equipment 4,000 (approx) Maintenance performed by Georgia Tech staff. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One 8-Hour Shift Used Recommended Supervisors 1 1 Analysts 2 2 Programmers, Coders 4 6 Librarians 1 1 Operators 1 1 Engineers 1 1 Technicians 2 2 Operation tends toward open shop. Technician training is conducted at scheduled times and programming courses are offered in the Mathematics Depart RELIABILITY OPERATING EXPERIENCE. AND TIME AVAILABILITY Average error-free running period 5.6 Hours Good time 34.5 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time 38.0 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.80 Above figures based on period 1 May 60 to 1 Aug 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Aug 55 Time is available for rent to outside organizations. Rental is $75.00 per hour (including operator). ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Outstanding features include a large library of subroutines, including fixed point, floating point, function evaluation, etc., and stop address interrupt feature. FUTURE PLANS The addition of index registers and floating point hardware is being considered and modifications are in progress to add punch card input-output with the Bull Controlled Reproducer with independent input and output buffers. INSTALLATIONS Georgia Institute of Technology Engineering Experimental Station Rich Electronic Computing Center Atlanta, Georgia
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1102, start page 0902

UNIVAC 1102

Universal Automatic Scientific Computer 1102 MANUFACTURER Sperry Rand Corporation Remington Rand Univac Division
Photo by Arnold Engineering Development Center, ARDC, Tullahoma, Tennessee APPLICATIONS Arnold Engineering Development Center Data reduction in Wind Tunnel and Engine Test Facilities. Three computers are used on-line during windtunnel and aerodynamic testing. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits per word 24 Binary digits/instruction 24 Instructions per word 1 Instructions decoded Depends upon program Octal digits/instruction not decoded 8 Arithmetic system Left circular shift Instruction type One address Number range Accumulator holds 48 binary digits ARITHMETIC UNIT Exclud Stor Access Microsec Add time 17 max. Mult time 264 max. Div time 340 max. Construction Vacuum tubes Rapid access word registers 1 Basic pulse repetition rate 500 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Parallel STORAGE Media Words Access Microsec Magnetic Drum 8,182 8,500 max. INPUT Media Speed Tape Reader 200 lines/sec Raw Data ScannerScans 252 channels in 12.5 sec or 20/sec. The raw data scanner is connected to transducers measuring test data.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1102, start page 0903
OUTPUT Media Speed Automatic Typewriter 10 char/sec Automatic Plotter CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 2,700 Diodes 3,000 Magnetic elements 700 relays Number of separate cabinets 3 Number of different kinds of plug-in units 47 CHECKING FEATURES Accumulator overflow indicator "Oversize quotient" check Improper operation code check Address check on tape loading POWER, SPACE. WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Power, computer 22 Kw Volume, computer 772 cu ft Area, computer 122 sq ft Weight, computer 14,000 lbs Power, air conditioner 9 Kw Volume, air conditioner 80 cu ft Area, air conditioner 12 sq ft Weight, air conditioner 3,000 lbs Capacity, air conditioner 25 Tons PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced 3 Number in current operation 3 COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Three computing systems were developed and manufac tured under contract. Total cost was approximately $1,400,000. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Daily Operation No. of Eng. No. of Tech. One 8 Hour Shift 5 2 Above totals are for one computer. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Arnold Engineering Development Center The following performance figures are given for the three computers for the period January through September 1956. The last of the three computers was accepted on 1 March 1956. Each column is for a separate engineering facility at the Arnold Engineer ing Development Center. ETF PWT GDF Manned Time 57.0% 25.6% 30.1% Utilization 51.4% 20.3% 24.8% Computer Efficiency 87.5% 89.3% 84.4% Reliability 96.8% 99.3% 79.9% Scheduled Maintenance 9.5% 10.0% 1.7% Unscheduled Maintenance 3.0% 0.7% 1.7% Maintenance Factor 0.331 0.301 0.388 Terms and Definitions of Computer Performance 0 - Operational Time - Productive computer hours used in data reduction, engineering problems, program checking, or other productive computations. It does not include hours used in running of check problems for maintenance purposes. I - Idle Time - Computer hours during which the computer is manned and in condition for productive operation but not in use for such purposes. U - Unused and Unmanned Time - Hours during which personnel are not scheduled for computer operation. C - Marginal Checking - Daily routine testing prior to operation to determine that the computer is in operable condition. P - Preventive Maintenance - Computer hours used for testing of the computer to improve its performance and which does not detract from scheduled operational time. R - Unscheduled Maintenance - Hours consumed in restoring the computer to operating condition when failure occurs. C. M. - Concurrent Maintenance - Hours spent in repair and testing of computer components which does not consume computer time. E.M. - Engineering Modifications - Computer hours used in accomplishing engineering modifications to the computer and its circuitry. T - Total Time = 0 + I + U + C + P + R + E. M. On a daily basis Total Time is twenty-four hours. Manned Time 100 (T-U)/T Utilization 100 (O+E.M.)/(O+I+U+E.M.) Computer Efficiency 100 (O+I+E. M.)/(T-U) Reliability 100 (O+I+E.M.)/(O+I+R+E.M.) Scheduled Maintenance 100 (C+P)/(T-U) Unscheduled Maintenance 100 R/(T-U) Maintenance Factor (C+P+C.M.+R)/T-U+C.M.)
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0904

UNIVAC 1103 1103A

Universal Automatic Computer Model 1103 - 1103A MANUFACTURER Remington Rand Univac Division Sperry Rand Corporation
Photo by Lockheed Aircraft Corporation APPLICATIONS Manufacturer Scientific computation. White Sands Missile Range Integrated Range Mission-DRD, N. M. Located in Building 1512, White Sands Missile Range, the primary use of the ERA 1103A, is for computations incident to conversion of range flight test data to engineering formats and computations of problems associated with flight simulation and a small amount of general purpose computing for range customers. 3208th Test Gp (TF), APGC (PGVMC) Eglin AFB, Florida Located in Building 625, Eglin AFB, Florida, the 1103A is used for impact predictions (real time, slew testing of radars and ballistics. Air Force Missile Development Center Holloman AFB, New Mexico Both systems are used for reduction of data obtained during high speed track tests of inertial guidance systems, e.g. gyro error coefficients, vibration analysis, acceleration and velocity translation to tangent plane coordinates, satellite orbit calculations, and missile performance analysis. Systems are integrated into the Real Time Data Assimilator. Digital Computation Branch (WWDCD) WARD, W-P AFB Located in Building 57, WADD, W-P AFB, Ohio, the sys- tem is used in the solution of scientific and other R&D problems, in conducting research in numerical analysis and digital computer programming techniques. National Aeronautics & Space Administration, Lewis Research Center Located at the NASA-Lewis Research Center, 21000 Brookpark Road, Cleveland 35, Ohio, the system is used for reduction of experimental data from wind tunnels, test stands, rocket stands, etc., engineering and scientific analysis-type problems. Experimental data is recorded on automatic recorders of our own design. The punched paper tapes and/or magnetic tapes are fed into the computer, calibrated,
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0905
Photo by Lockheed Aircraft Corporation and mathematical operations carried out to produce the quantities specified by the test engineer. Scientific problems of all types are punched into paper tapes by a Flexowriter, fed into the computer, and the mathematical operations specified by the programer are performed. Lockheed Missile and Space Division Located at Palo Alto, California, the 1103AF (2 computers) systems are primarily used for trajectory calculations and real time orbital predictions. Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Lab. Located at Johns Hopkins Road, Scaggaville, Howard County, Maryland, the 1103A is used for scientific computations in support of the laboratory's research and development programs. Johns Hopkins Univ., Operating Research Office Located at the Computing Laboratory Division, 6935 Arlington Road, Bethesda 14, Md., the 1103A is used for operational simulation, including war gaming, and scientific data processing. Computing Laboratory, Southern Methodist Univ. Located at 3125 Yale, S. M. U. Campus, Dallas, the 1103 is used for education and research. Numerical Analysis Center, University of Minnesota Located in Room 230, Exp. Engineering Building, University of Minnesota, the 1103 is being used in statistical work to do such things as factor analysis (16 variables), multiple regression, analysis of variance, item analysis of tests, product moment correlations, linear and quadratic discriminant finctions, reciprocal average analysis, and several specialized projects. It is used in crystallography to determine atomic structure of crystals from X- ray diffraction data; in aerodynamics to analyse transonic flow boundary layers, buckling of sandwich panels, detonation wave structure; in electrical engineering to study acoustic coupling, micromagnetics, and ferrmagnetic microstructure; in mathematics to do continued fraction expansions, analyse the four-color map problem; in mechanical engineering to study mass transfer cooling, non-circular duct flow, to design a probe for measurement of flame temperature, to study the transport properties of helium-air mixtures; in chemistry to study the kinetics of chemical reactions, light scattering, and energy levels of linear molecules; in chemical engineering to study nuclear reactor simulation and control, kinetics of polymerization, stability of loop processes, optimum design of a chemical reactor, perturbation transients in a distillation tower, kinetics of a nuclear reactor; in physics to compute instrument corrections for data on
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0906
Photo by NASA Lewis Research Center black body radiation taken from numerous balloon flights, to compute cosmic ray orbits in the earth's magnetic field and proton trajectories in an optical potential, analysis of nuclear stripping reactions, compute the IGY cosmic ray index, analyse the Van Allen zones; in agronomy and plant genetics to analyse hybrid corn performance; in animal husbandry to study breeding programs involving large populations and generations; and in physical chemistry to determine normal coordinates of molecular vibration. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 36 Binary digits/instruction 36 Instructions per word 1 Instructions decoded Model 1103 41 Model 7103A 50 Arithmetic system Fixed and floating point Instruction type Two address Number range Fixed point (1-235) <= n <= (235-1) Floating point -2127 <= n <= 2127 The instruction consists of a 2-character operating code (command), a 5-character First Address and a 5-character' Second Address. The floating point system utilizes nine instructions. Fixed point operation utilizes 41 instructions. There are two 15 bit addresses per word. This facilities writing of programs, since less instructions are required, less storage is consumed in storing program, and a smaller repertoire of instructions has to be learned by the programmer. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Exclud Stor Access Microsec Microsec Add 32-60 12-28 Mult 116-410 92-386 Div 482-490 466-474 Construction Vacuum tubes Basic pulse repetition rate 500 Kc/sec Arithmetic mode Parallel Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential Operation times given above are average values. Add time includes transmitting result to V address. Multiply time is for product to form in accumulator with multiplier in "0" register. Divide time includes quotient in "0" register and positive remainder in the accumulator. The arithmetic unit is constructed of Eccles-Jordan flip-flop type circuits triggered by pulses from pentode "gate" circuits which are "enabled" by either other flip flops or signals from "AND" or "OR" circuits. The flip flops may be manually controlled from the console. Although the arithmetic mode is parallel, all operations pass through the exchange register "X". The "X", "0", and "A" registers separately and in combination are used to form eleven distinct logical and arithmetic sequences.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0907
Photo by WWDCD Wright Air Development Division STORAGE Manufacturer No. of No. of Access Media Words Digits Microsec Magnetic Core 4,096 147,456 8 Magnetic Core 4,096 147,456 8 Magnetic Core 4,096 147,456 8 Magnetic Drum 16,384 589,824 17,500 The magnetic core matrix is 64 x 64 bits. The matrices are stacked in groups of 36. Up to three stacks may be used as high speed storage. The mag- netic drum is a medium speed storage system. The magnetic tape Uniservos store 326,000 words of low speed storage.Up to 10 Uniservos can be accommodated. WSMR IRM Magnetic Core 8,192 8 Magnetic Drum 16,384 0 to 34 milliseconds for 1st word, 32 microsec/word thereafter. Magnetic Tape 326,000 words/tape Computer is equipped with 10 Uniservo I's up to 8 of which may be used for information storage at programmer's discretion. Eglin AFB Drum 16,384 Core 4,096 Holloman AFB Magnetic Core 4,096 147,456 8 Magnetic Drum 16,384 589,824 17,500 No. of No. of Access Media Words Digits Microsec W-P AFB Drum 16,384 Core 12,288 NASA Lewis Magnetic Core 4,096 6.0 Magnetic Drum 16,384 17,000 avg. Lockheed Magnetic Core 8,192 294,912 8 Magnetic Drum 16,384 589,824 17,000 Magnetic Tape 1,500,00054,Ooo,000 20,000 Internal Registers 3 108 4 Tape access time depends on the position of the tape. In most cases, however, the access time is 20 milliseconds. Johns Hopkins APL Core 8,192 284,912 8 Drum 16,384 589,824 17,500 Floating point a feature. Johns Hopkins ORO Magnetic Core 4,096 Magnetic Drum 16,384 Southern Methodist Magnetic Core 1,024 8 Magnetic Drum 16,384 33,000 Magnetic Tape65,536
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0908
Photo by Air Force Missile Development Center, Holloman AFB No. of Access Media Words Microsec Electrostatic (CRT) 1,024 8 Magnetic Drum 16,384 17,000 (av ) Magnetic Tape 262,144 2 min (avg g) INPUT Manufacturer Media Speed Magnetic Tape 2,130 words/sec Tape Reader 200 frames/sec Card Reproducer 120 cards/min The magnetic tape speed is given for the continuous input mode. The tape reader senses 2 octal digits frame. The card reproducer uses 80-column cards, placing 24 words on a card.Special equipment, such as analog-to-digital converters can be used as option- al equipment. By means of input-output buffer reg- isters, a variety of input or output equipment can be accommodated by the computers. WSMR IRM Uniservos 1,800 words/sec IBM Card Punch 48 words/sec High Speed Paper Tape Reader 35 words/sec BRL High/O Magnetic Tape555 words/sec Reader Media Speed Eglin AFB Control Reproducer 120 80 column IBM cards min (on-line) Uniservo Magnetic Tape2,137 words/min (on-line) Ferranti Paper Tape Reader220 frames/sec (on-line) Milgo Holloman AFB Magnetic Tape (Uniservo)2,130 words/sec Continuous read. Paper Tape 200 frames/sec Punched Cards 120 cards/min Magnetic Tape (IBM Format)5,000 words/sec Continuous read. Magnetic Tape 450,000 bits/sec Ampex FR 316. W-P AFB Magnetic Tape 100 in/sec 12,000 char/sec Paper Tape 200 frames/sec 400 char/sec octal Punched Card 120 cards/min NASA Lewis Magnetic Tape (2 channel)320 char/sec (data tape) Magnetic Tape (7 channel)8,000 32,000 char/sec (data tapes) Magnetic Tape (Buffered)33,000 char/sec (I/O or intermediate tape) Paper Tape 200 char/sec (programs and/or data)
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0909
Photo by White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico Media Speed Lockheed Paper Tape 400 octal dig/sec Magnetic Tape25,600 octal dig/sec Punched Cards (80 column)120 cards/min Johns Hopkins APL Card 120 cards/min Magnetic Tapes (8 units)12,500 char/sec Paper Tape 200 char/sec Johns Hopkins ORO Punched Cards Paper Tape Magnetic Tape Southern Methodist Paper Tape (Ferranti)200 char/see Card Reader (Bull)120 cards/min U of Minn Paper Tape (7 channel)200 frames/sec (Ferranti Mark II Photoelectric) Cards (80 col.)120 cards/min (Bull controlled reproducer) OUTPUT Manufacturer Media Speed Magnetic Tape (Uniservo) 2,130 words/sec Continuous write. High Speed Printer 600 lines/min 130 char/line High Speed Punch 60 frames/sec 2 char/frame Card Reproducer (80 Col.) 120 cards/min 24 words/card Flexowriter Supplied as monitor WSMR IRM Uniservo I Magnetic Tape1,800 words/sec IBM Card Punch 48 words/sec Paper Tape 10 words/sec Eglin AFB High Speed Punch120 frames/sec (on-line) Charactron Display & 10,000 times/sec (on-line) Manual Intervention Sys. High Speed Printer 600 lines/sec (off-line) Flexowriter 10 char/sec (on-line) Variplotter
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0910
Photo by White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico Media Speed Holloman AFB Magnetic Tape (Uniservo) 2,130 words/sec Continuous write. Paper Tape 60 frames/sec Punched Cards120 cards/min Magnetic Tape (IBM Format) 5,000 words/sec Continuous write. The system contains special buffers, so-called loading platforms, for real time input of test data, a common memory for communication between two Univac Scientifics and on-line equipment for output, like digial, analog converters, display. Media Speed W-P AFB Magnetic Tape 100 in/sec 12,000 char/sec Paper Tape 60 frames/sec 120 char/sec, octal Punched Cards 120 cards/min On Line Monitor Flex 10 char/sec Off-line tape to printer is main output method us- ing the Univac High Speed Printer (600 lines/min). NASA Lewis Paper Tape Punch (3)60 char/sec, each Magnetic Tape (Buffered)33,000 char/sec
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0911
Photo by Eglin Air Force Base, Florida (APGC) Media Speed Lockheed Paper Tape 400 digits/sec Magnetic Tape 25,600octal digits/sec Punched Cards (80 Column)120 cards/min Flexowriter 60 char/min Johns Hopkins APL Cards 100 cards/min Magnetic Tape 12,500 char/sec Paper Tape 60char/sec On Line Printer 600 lines/min 120 char/line Johns Hopkins ORO Punched Cards Paper Tape Magnetic Tape Off-line High Speed Printer Southern Methodist Paper Tape 3,500 char/min Cards (Bull) 120 cards/min Flexowriter (On-line)160 char/min U of Minn Paper Tape (7 channel)60 frames/sec (Teletype Punch) Cards (80 Col.) 120 cards/min (Bull controlled reproducer) CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Tubes 3,907 Tube types 12 Crystal diodes 8,956 Magnetic cores 147,456 Uniservo Magnetic Tape Units 77 tubes, each add'1 Card Reproducer Unit211 tubes, add'1 POWER. SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Manufacturer Power, computer 82 KVA 0.9 pf 220 volt, 3 phase, 100 KVA min, including cooling blower. Space, computer 946.3 sq ft Minimum room size 58 ft 6 1/4 in x 30 ft 6 in Weight, computer 38,53 lbs Floor loading 40.7 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditionerRequired equivalent capac- ity is 20 Tons. Two voltage regulators, 3 phase, 45 KVA, required. Customer furnished cooling water 50oF 65 gal/min, required. Separate maintenance area approximately 14 x 24 ft, required.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0912
WSMR IRM Power, computer & air 100 KVA 0.90 pf est. conditioner Area, computer & periph- 1,047 sq ft eral equipment Area, air conditioner 55 sq ft Area does not include roof space for cooling towers Room size, maint area & 40 ft x 80 ft (approx) computer proper Floor loading 35 lbs/sq ft 80 lbs concen max Capacity, air conditioner 50 Tons Weight, computer & 51,610 lbs peripheral equipment Air conditioner is water cooled type. Heat exchangers may be located remotely from computer. No special provision is required since plenums, false floors, etc. are included as part of the system. Also motor alternator for providing constant voltage power to pulsing circuits is provided. Preparation is confined to 2 inch pipe lines for delivery of chilled water from computer to heat exchanger and from heat exchanger to room cooling towers and provision for power distribution. Separate transformer vaults are provided from post primary system for computer in order to stabilize voltage. Separate voltage alternator is provided by manufacturer for pulsing circuits. 50 hp. If newly designed room should provide a minimum of 30 ft clear span with no columns; however, machine can be installed around columns if required. Eglin AFB Power, computer 6o Kw 55 KVA 0.92 pf Power, air cond 28 Kw 26.6 KVA 0.95 pf Volume, computer 9,360 cu ft Volume, air conditioner 432 cu ft Area, computer 1,560 sq ft Area, air conditioner 72 sq ft Room size 10 ft (height) 60 ft (length) 33 ft (width) Floor loading 21.5 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner 30 Tons Weight, computer 33,600 lbs Weight, air conditioner 10,790 lbs False floor 15 1/2 in. above sub-floor level. Requires a motor room to house the motor-alternator which is supplied with 208 v, 60 cycles/sec, three phase, four wire arrangement for power to the computer and air conditioning system. Shielded room or screen room used to keep out the electromagnetic radiations of nearby electronic equipment. Holloman AFB Power, computer approx 50 Kw 55 KVA 0.90 f Volume, computer3,000 cu ft approx. Area, computer925 sq ft (approx) Room size56 ft 6 1/4 in x 31 ft 2 1/2 in min. Floor loading 40.7 lbs/sq ft 500 lbs concen max Chilled water supply: 65 gallon/minute maximum at 50OF maximum. Condensation drain. Installation and wiring of motor alternator. W-P AFB Power, computer 100 KVA Volume, computer10,700 cu ft Volume, air conditioner575 cu ft Area, computer1,780 sq ft Area, air conditioner82.5 sq ft Room size 70 ft x 40 ft Floor loading 40.7 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner30 Tons Weight, computer38,540 lbs Provided partitions to enclose room for humidity control. NASA Lewis Power, computer 50 KVA Power, air conditioner18 KVA Volume, computer12,500 cu ft Volume, air conditioner3,000 cu ft Area, computer 1,250 sq ft Area, air conditioner300 sq ft Room size, computer65 ft x 30 ft Room size, air conditioner20 ft x 15 ft Floor loading 100 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner25 Tons Platforms used as plenum chamber and cable space. Separate power feeder. Insulated water lines from basement to second floor. Concrete pad for water chiller. Existing building construction was rein forced concrete. Lockheed Power, computer 60 Kw 60 KVA 1.0 pf Power, air cond 4.05 Kw 5.05 KVA 0.8 pf Volume, computer 9,000 cu ft Area, computer 1,500 sq ft Room size 6o ft x 26 ft Capacity, air conditioner15 Tons Weight, computer 34,000 lbs False floor, motor generator and alternator for each computer, air conditioning unit for each computer, and room air conditioning. Johns Hopkins APL Power, computer 130 Kw 130 KVA 0.9 pf Power, air cond 60 Kw 60 KVA 0.9 pf Volume, computer 10,500 cu ft Vole, air conditioner1,500 cu ft Area, computer 1,500 sq ft Area, air conditioner 250 sq ft Room size, computer 2,000 sq ft Room size, air conditioner400 sq ft Floor loading 36.6 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner50 Tons Weight, computer55,000 lbs Weight, air conditioner 8,000 lbs Prefabricated metal Butler building. Johns Hopkins ORO Power, computer 60 Kw 45 KVA 0.9 pf Power, air cond 30 KVA Area, computer 1,200 sq ft Area, air conditioner 300 sq ft Room size 58 ft x 30 ft Floor loading 40.7 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner 3 - 20 Ton units 40 Tons required Weight, computer 38,543 lbs Present 1103A Computing System replaced an ERA 1103 Computer; therefore, installation costs and building modifications were minor - amounting only to installing 2 additional 20 ton water chillers and additional electric power. Total cost of present installation was less than $30,000. Cost of initial 1103 installation was also under $30,000 since the 1103 series equipment is provided with a raised floor plenum and air handler. Southern Methodist Power, computer 41.5 Kw 0.9 Lag pf Volume, air conditioner 126 cu ft Area, computer 755.5 sq ft Area, air conditioner 21 sq ft Room size, computer26 ft x 60 ft Room size, air conditioner6 ft x 7 ft Floor loading 46.1 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner20 Tons Weight, computer 34,747 lbs 3 phase, 220 volt, 60 cycle and 115, single phase, 60 cycle power to building. Cooling tower is required with building to supply water for air conditioner.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0913
U of Minn Power, computer 4.4.0 Kw 0.9 induct. pf Power, air conditioner 22.0 Kw Area, computer 710 sq ft Area, air cond & motor gen.280 sq ft Room size, computer58.5 ft x 25-75 ft min Room size, air conditioner14 ft x 20 ft Floor loading 4.6.1 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner20 Tons min. Weight, computer 34,747 lbs The required space on the second floor of a laboratory building was given a false ceiling and a strengthening sub-floor, and partitions were erected to form three offices and an off-line input- output preparation room for three Flexowriters and a card punch. Partitions in the basement were erected to form a room for the motor-generators and the air conditioning chiller and a room for the air conditioning condenser. COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES WSMR IRM Computer with card input output from 10 Uniservos and floating point with two cores approx. cost $32,115. Card-to-tape converter, tape-to-card converter, high-speed printer (600 lines/min with plotting feature) $8,815. Service is provided with basic rental rate. Eglin AFB Total cost $922,000. Magnetic Core Storage (4,096 words) Magnetic Drum Storage (16,384 words) Magnetic Tape Control Power Supply Desk Console Arithmetic Section Main Control Section Air Conditioning Section The direct connected input/output units are: (1) Photo-electric punched paper tape reader (2) High Speed Paper Tape Punch (3) Monitoring Flexowriter Additional Equipment Cost Controlled Reproducer $ 55,000 High Speed Printer 185,000 Charactron Display & Manual Interven- 325,000 tion System 6 Uniservo Tape Units and 1 Unityper II (without maintenance) rents for $27,000/year. Vitro maintenance engineer plus spare parts is $115,000. Holloman AFB Basic system Computer including one core bay (4,096 words, 5 Uniservos, one punched card input-output unit $1,029,500. Additional equipment One Uniservo $18,000 One additional core bay, approx. $200,000 High Speed Printer$3,890/month $4,370.50/month for eight-hour shift. W-P AFB 1103A w/float point, 12K core, 16K drum, 10 Uniservo I, Bull Card I/0 (80 col), Univac HS Printer rent at $41,000/month. Maintenance service included in rental. NASA Lewis Basic system cost $920,094. Additional equipment cost $313,939, including Flexowriters, input-output equipment and circuitry, buffered tape installation, new memory. Lockheed Type Unit Serial Monthly Hourly Extra Shift No. Rental Rate per Hour Univac 22 $20,980-00 $119.20 $59.60 Core Storage 4,500.00 25.57 12.79 Floating Point 1,545.oo 8.78 4.39 Variable Block 290.00 1.65 .83 Total Main Frame 27,315.00 155.20 77.61 Uniservo (10) 3,200.00 18.18 9.09 Read Punch 89o.oo 5.06 2.53 Total On Line 4,o9o.oo 23.24 71.62 Total EDP No. 22 31,405.00 178.44 89.23 Univac 27 20,98o.oo 119.20 56.60 Core Storage 4,500.00 25.57 12.79 Floating Point 1,545.00 8.78 4.39 Variable Block 290.00 1.65 .83 Total Main Frame 27,315-00 155.20 77.61 Uniservo (10) 3,200.00 18.18 9.09 Read Punch 890.00 5.06 2.53 Total On Line 4,090.00 23.24 11.62 Total EDP No. 2731,405.00 178.4+ 89.23 (C+D) High Speed Printer 3,300.00 18.75 9.38 High Speed Printer 3,300.00 18.75 9.38 Card to Tape 2,605.00 14-.80 7.4-0 Total Off Line 9,205.00 52.30 26.16 Total EDP Systems 72,015.00 409.18 26.16 026 Key Punch 19133 77.00 .43 .22 026 Key Punch 30566 71.50 .41 .20 026 Key Punch 30624 71.50 .41 .21 056 Verifier 40595 60.50 37 .19 Total Key Punch 280.50 1.62 .82 077 Collator 36399 126-50 .72 .36 082 Sorter 36338 68.20 .39 .20 407 Acctg. Mach. 16001 915.75 5.20 2.60 519 Reproducer 17299 178.20 1.01 .51 552 Interpreter 25483 99.00 .56 .23 Total Auxiliary 1,387.65 7-98 3.90 Total EAM 1,668.15 9.60 4.72 Total system 73,683.15 Monthly rental includes 10,% F.E.T.where applicable. Hourly rate is 1176th of monthly rental. Extra shift per hour is 50% of 1176th of monthly rate. Johns Hopkins APL $35,135 per month for basic system on prime shift and at 50% rate for extra shift use. Maintenance service, included in monthly rental shown above. Johns Hopkins ORO Basic system 4,096 magnetic core, 16,384 magnetic drum, 6 magnetic tape units, Fixed point arith., punched card in-out, and high speed printer (off-line. Single shift cost $24,838/month. Additional equipment Three 026, one 024, one 082, one 519, one 552, one 077, and one 4-07 rents for $1,709.00. Maintenance service included in rental rates. Southern Methodist Rental traded for building space.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0914
U of Minn $250,000 for complete 1103 (Serial 4). $100,000 for installation and air conditioning. $60,000 for REAC installation (Reeves Electronic Analog Computer). $40,000 for ADDALINK Analog-Digital, Digital-Analog Converter. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS WSMR IRM Two 8-Hour Shifts UsedRecommended Supervisors 5 5 Analysts 5 8 Programmers 8 12 Clerks 1 1 Operators 9 9 Engineers 6 6 Technicians 1 2 In-Output Oper 4 4 Operation tends toward closed shop. Operators after a 90 day indoctrination assignment elsewhere within the division are assigned to the computer with a combination of on-the-job and a six week course taught periodically by our own personnel. Programmers are normally hired as professional mathematicians with strong physics background and are assigned initially in other sections of the organization to familiarize themselves with the mathematical and physical problems which they are concerned with. At the conclusion of approximately 1 year assignment in this area programmer trainees are selected and after attending a six week training course either taught in house or at the manufacturer's plant are given on-the-job assignments. Six months to a year are required to provde proficient programmers for our operation after selection and assignment to the computing laboratory. Training of technicians and engineers is a responsibility of the manufacturer and are provided by him. Programmer training in this activity is more concerned with teaching new employees the techniques and approaches used in solution of range instrumentation problems. This is more difficult than teaching the art of programming of computers. The period prior to assignment to computers is used to screen out prospective programmers who do not have what our management considers to be desirable qualities and traits for this particular type of operation. Eglin AFB One 8-Hour shift Used Recommended Supervisors 1 1 Operators 2 2 In-Output Oper 1 1 Operation tends toward closed shop. Methods of training used includes on-the-job training, organized programming classes, and contractor courses. Holloman AFB One 8-Rour shift Used Recommended Supervisors 4 4 Analysts 4 6 Programmers12 20 Coders 0 2 Clerks 1 2 Librarians 2 3 Operators 3 5 Engineers 2 2 Technicians 5 5 In-Output Oper 1 2 Operation tends toward closed shop. Methods of training used are for programmers: Remington Rand programming course plus on-the-job training; and others: on-the-job training. W-P AFB Three 8-Hour Shifts Used Recommended Supervisors 5 5 Analysts 5 9 Programmers & Coders 25 30 Clerks 2 3 Librarians 0 1 Operators 8 8 In-Output Oper 4 6 Methods of training used includes formal classes by company representatives and by operating installation and extensive "on-the-job" training. Open shop operation attempted with limited success, probably due to training in machine coding. Plan to use FORTRAN extensively on open-shop basis with the IBM 7090. NASA Lewis Three 8-Hour Shifts Used Recommended Supervisors 2 3 Analysts 2 4 Programmers 18 30 Coders 12 20 Clerks 0 1/2 Librarians 0 1/2 Operators 7 9 Engineers 2 4 Technicians 8 8 Operation tends toward closed shop. Supervisors, analysts, programmers, engineers should have professional degrees, then on-the-job training. All others can be subprofessional or wage board, with on-the-job training. Lockheed Three 8-Hour Shifts Used Recommended Supervisors 1 1 Analysts 2 2 Programmers 15 15 Clerks 1 1 Librarians 1 1 Operators 11 11 Engineers 6 7 Technicians 3 4 In-output Oper 4 5 These systems are currently operating on production jobs, with little check out on new programming. Above figures are for two computers. Operation tends toward closed shop. Operator training is primarily done on-the-job. Johns Hopkins APL One 8-Hour Two 8-Hour Three 8-Hour Shift Shifts Shifts Supervisors 3 4 5 Analysts 1 2 3 Programmers 15 20 25 Clerks 2 3 4 Librarians 1 1 2 Operators 4 6 9 In-Output Oper 3 4 6 Tape Handlers 1 1 1 Operation tends toward closed shop. Methods of training used includes formal instruction, provided by computer manufacturer, formal instruction provided by our training officer, and onthe-job training at own installation.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0915
Johns Hopkins ORO One 8-Hour Two 8-Hour Three 8-Hour Shift Shifts Shifts U R U R U R Supervisors 1 Analysts 6 10 Programmers 20 30 Engineers 3 3 2 2 2 2 The personnel listed above reflect only the Computing Laboratory staff. Throughout the organization there are approximately 60 persons classified as analysts or research assistants who are highly competent programmers. Personnel in the machine operating group perform 1103A operations, IBM machine wiring and operations and key punching as required. Operation tends toward open shop. Allpersonnel hired by ORO are given a two-month training assignment in the Computing Laboratory prior to an assignment to a research task. The two-month training is divided as follows: one month devoted to 1103A characteristics and general programming techniques, one month development of a practical prob- lem. Operators, engineers and technicians are supplied as required by Remington Rand. Southern Methodist One 8-Hour Shift UsedRecommended Supervisors 1 2 Analysts 6 10 Clerks 3 4 Engineers 1 Operation tends toward open shop. Methods of training used includes credit courses in the university and on-the-job training. U of Minn Staff consists of: One department head One research fellow One junior engineer (maintenance) One secretary Seven research assistants (part time) Three maintenance technicians (part time) With this staff 12 to 14 hours of computing time is available daily, when needed. Clients are urged to do as much programming, coding, and operating as possible with all non-routine problems. Any routine or standardized problem, such as matrix inversion, is done by the staff (if a program is available for the problem). RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY WSMR IRM Average error-free running period 4 Hours Good time 60 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time 70 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.85 Above figures based on period 1 Jan 59 to 31 Mar 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test17 Feb 58 Time is not available for rent to outside organiza- tions. Most difficulties account for the difference between good time and attempted to run time were caused by mechanical malfunction of Uniservos. Until very recently it was necessary to write programs utilizing all available Uniservos and a malfunction of any one would result in an attempt to ran resulting in failure. Recently the number of Uniservos have been increased to 10 which will tend to eliminate this source of difficulty. Holloman AFB Good time57.34 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time60 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.95 Above figures based on period 1 Jan 60 to 30 APR 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test (1) Mar 57 (2 Nov 57 Time is available for rent to qualified outside or- ganizations. W-P AFB Good time101.58 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time103.66 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.979 Above figures based on period 1 Apr 60 to 1 Oct 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Jun 58 Time is available for rent to qualified outside or- ganizations. NASA Lewis Good time77.5 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time93.0 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.834 Above figures based on period 1 Jan 59 to 1 Jan 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Sep 55 Time is not available for rent to outside organiza- tions. Lockheed Average error-free running period 30 Hours Good time272.4 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time280.2 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.966 Above figures based on period 1 Feb 60 to 27 Mar 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test (1) Apr 58 (2) Jul 58 Time is available for rent to outside organizations. The above figures are based on a two computer system. Johns Hopkins APL Average error-free running period 19.6 Hours Operating ratio 0.98 Above figures based on period 20 May 57 to present Passed Customer Acceptance Test 20 May 57 Time is available for rent to qualified outside or- ganizations. Johns Hopkins ORO Good time to run time113-7 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted5.7 Hours/Week (Average; Attempted ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.982 Above figures based on period 1 Apr 60 to Jul 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Sep 57 Time is available for rent to qualified outside or- ganizations. Southern Methodist Good time45 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time45.5 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.99 Above figures based on period 1 Jul 59 to 1 Jul 60 Time is available for rent to qualified outside or- ganizations. U of Minn Average error-free running period 18.67 Hours Good time51.10 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time55.30 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.924 Above figures based on period 1 Jul 59 to 30 Jun 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Jun 58 Time is available for rent to outside organizations.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0916
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS WSMR IRM The water cooled design of this equipment virtually eliminates difficulties associated with refrigeration and air conditioning. As a matter of actual fact the computer room is cooler than is maintained in most offices. Magnetic tapes are stored in wall cabinets within the computer room. The number required is small as compared with most installations of this type. Normal building conditioning provides adequate protection from humidity temperature, etc. Security against loss of operating ability due to fire is accomplished by providing duplicate tapes to other installations under this command such that in case 1 tape is damaged it could be replaced within a matter of an hour or two and by duplicate programming of problems on other machines in the neighborhood, such as the IBM 704 located at DRD-N and the IBM 704 Computer operated by the Flight Simulation Laboratory at WSMR. For the particular applications involved at WSMR loss of data tapes is not as critical as the loss of programming tapes. No special care is taken to insure against loss of data tapes. Integrated Range Mission of White Sands Missile Range operates two computing facilities. The 1103A reported in this questionnaire and an IBM 704 Computer physically located at Holloman Air Force Base are reported on separately. Both computers are used for the same type of activity, namely the conversion of raw range flight test measurements to engineering forms of data. It is anticipated that about January 1962 it will become necessary to replace the existing 1103A Computer with a solid state computer having much greater internal speed and greater capacity. Machines of the CDC 1604, IBM 7090, Philco 2000, etc. type are being considered. A feasibility study is under way to ascertain whether at that time it will be feasible to replace the 704 Computer at Holloman with a high speed data link and utilize the one high speed computing facility in place of the two now in operation. It is planned to replace the card-to-tape converter, the tape-to-card converter, and the high speed printer with a USS 80 Computer. In so doing the overall operation will be speeded up, economy in floor space will be achieved, and an increase computing capacity will be provided while at the same time the cost of operation will be reduced. Eglin AFB Additional equipment can be connected by controlled bits on a selector board (colloquially designated OR board). NASA Lewis Simultaneous input, output, and computing on problems. Concurrent operation on two separate problems, each with its own input, output, and computer. The machine, its peripheral equipment and its programming aids are tailored to do data reduction in the most efficient manner, with the lowest level programmers possible. Lockheed A library system for reserved tapes is maintained. No particular protection for tapes due to durability of metal tapes. Fireproof storage media is currently undergoing evaluation. The 1103AF system is composed of the following components: 2 Univac Scientific 1103AF Computers each with floating point, variable block, 8,192 words of core storage and 16,384 words of drum storage. There are two Remington Rand 600 lines/min printers, and one Remington Rand Card-to-Tape Converter. Johns Hopkins ORO Outstanding features are considerable memory capacity, high internal operating speed, and great versatility in transferring information to and from external equipment. U of Minn Electronic Associates DATALINK provides 6 channels of conversion from analog to digital (13 bits/word) and 4 channels of conversion from digital to analog. The DATALINK connects the 1103 with a REAC (Reeves Electronic Analog Computer) containing two computer cabinets (20 amplifiers in each) and a cabinet of four servos. The ll03 has been modified to include two special instructions for work with polynomials, an instruction for transmission of a word from the left half of the accumulator, and an interrupt feature to increase system efficiency when external equipment is used. FUTURE PLANS Holloman AFB An output platform is being designed which allows an automatic recording, i.e. without computer control, of all real-time computer outputs and a digital and analog display of real-time computer outputs. W-P AFB The 1103A will be phased out by June 1961 due to the installation of the IBM 7090 in November 1960. NASA Lewis Additional tape handlers, floating-point arithmetic hardware, high-speed line printer, compiler, and high-speed plotting are planned. Lockheed LMSD is in the process of converting all 1103AF work to IBM 7090 and CDC 1604 Systems. Both 1103AF's will be released. Johns Hopkins APL IBM 7090 Computer System with 1401 C3 planned for installation. Southern Methodist On line printer for 1103. Addition of Solid State 90 with six tapes, computer and full complement of Remington Rand tabulation equipment. INSTALLATIONS White Sands Missile Range Integrated Range Mission-DRD White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico 3208th Test Group (TF) Computer Operations APGC (PGVMC) Eglin Air Force Base, Florida Air Force Missile Development Center Analysis and Computation Division (MDWC) Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico Wright Air Development Division Digital Computation Branch (WWDCD) Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio National Aeronautics & Space Administration Lewis Research Center 21000 Brookpark Road Cleveland 35, Ohio
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1103 1103A, start page 0917
Lockheed Missile and Space Division Digital Computer Operations Sunnyvale, California Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory 8621 Georgia Avenue Silver Spring, Maryland Johns Hopkins University Operations Research Office 6935 Arlington Road Bethesda 14, Maryland Southern Methodist Computing Laboratory Dallas 22, Texas University of Minnesota Numerical Analysis Center Minneapolis 14, Minnesota PRODUCTION RECORD Number of Univac 1100 Series Systems (all models) delivered is 45.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1105, start page 0918

UNIVAC 1105

Univac 1105 Computing System MANUFACTURER Remington Rand Univac Division Sperry Rand Corporation
Photo by Remington Rand Univac APPLICATIONS Manufacturer System is used for both scientific and commercial applications, for example, satellite tracking and trajectory calculations, linear programming, logictic scheduling, inventory control, and census. The Univac 1105 Computing System is a synchronous, large scale, high speed, general purpose, automatic data processing computing system. Programs of internally stored instructions, capable of self-modification, determine the sequence of operations. Internal storage is afforded by directly addressable magnetic cores and drums. The system is designed to use magnetic tape, punched cards, punched paper tape, electric typewriter, analog-to-digital and digital-toanalog converters, visual displays, plotters and real time instrumentation as input-output. U. S. Air Force, Dayton AF Depot Located at Dayton Air Force Depot, Wilmington Pike, Dayton, Ohio, the system is used for the following fields of application: Stock Control and Distribution - Inventory Management Method of controlling and distributing material by Air Material Command Supply Depots and AMA's to Air Force activities, maintenance contractors and other military services world-wide. The system provides a data processing technique which enables Aims to administer a timely, accurate and effective supply logistics system. It provides item accounting, including inventory position and various products for effective management of serviceable, reparable and excess material. By-products which are the basis for dollar accounting and Air Force assets management, inputs for requirements computation and other stock control purposes are provided. Management and Control of Due-In-Assets Recording of assets due in from contractual procurement, Department of Defense excesses or other Air Force activities. The depot having responsibility for a commodity class or specified weapons system utilizes this data system to administer a more timely and effective logistical support system. Item account
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Photo by Remington Rand Univac ing providing due-in status data for utilization in material distribution, requirements computation and buying programs, are included in this system. Requirements Computation - Replacement Type Items The purpose of this application is to design, develop, and implement a data flow and data processing system by which various types of replacement item data products, required at appropriate AMA/AFD, Hq AMC, and higher headquarters management levels may be periodically computed on an AF world-wide basis. The system as designed is to be capable of promptly reacting to changes in the many elements which affect AF requirements for items (e-g., program changes, authorization changes support policy changes, funding limitations, etc.) is also to be compatible with the latest data handling and processing technological improvements. The system as presently implemented is designed to provide the following major types of replacement item requirements and related management data summarized by weapons/support system, funds program/project; program group, mission code, property class, AMA/AFD, or total AMC, as appropriate for the products involved. Data now output from the system are: time-phased projections of "gross" and "net" item requirements; procurement program and budget estimates item and/or dollar summaries of the above; contract termination and retention/disposal level data; consolidated asset and item information data summary products; item-dollar inventory segmentation and requirements support effectiveness data; end weapon and support systems. Product Performance Analysis Airborne Armament and Electronic Items A data processing system that will measure the weapon and/or commodity performance and meet the needs of the reliability and the product improvement and USAF Acturial programs; provide serviceability and reliability indicators, acturial life expectancies and failure pattern; and correlate configuration data, reliability, usage, failure and consumption data, and other historical data into a data system for the air vehicle. Covers the system that will measure the weapon's performance and provide an early warning and ready reference master record of failure trends by system and component within the weapon system; provide maximum automatic analysis; provide for the weapon managers, serviceability and reliability indicators such as acturial usage data, service life factors, failure rate grpahs, economic life factors, and condemnation rates that are essential to product improvement, provisioning, and the computation of requirements, and evaluation of periodic inspection intervals.
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Technology Center Photo by Remington Rand Univac The following applications are scheduled to be production runs in the near future. IM/FSC Cataloging, Standardization and File Maintenanc This project is to develop a system which will establish, maintain and distribute Federal Catalog and re- lated data applicable to all inventory manager items, including, but not limited to, the following: Federal, Catalog, EAM Detail and Trailor Cards, Stock Control Data Cards, Packaging and Transportation Data Cards, Interchangeability Record Cards, and Family Group Publication EAM Cards. The system will provide for the: initiation and distribution of stock list change, initiate suspense and follow-up on request for Federal stock number, notification of stock number assignment to Air Force contractors; publication of stock control data sections; cross-reference sections; transportation and packaging data sections; interchangeability and substitution data sections and possibly the identification section of AF stock list. Initially, the ADP systems utilizing outputs from this project for the updating of catalog data are restricted to: Inventory Manager Stock Control and Distribution Management and control of Due-in Assets, maintenance operating stock support; requirements computation for consumption-type items. Weapons systems control and distribution; and base support class stock control and distribution. Master Material Support Record This project will develop procedures to establish and maintain a master material Support Record that will provide a complete source-coded range of parts and materials with replacement rates required for all levels of repair support. This record will be developed from initial provisioning source-coded documents and up-dated based upon engineering changes, source code changes, stock list changes, changes to replacement factors derived from improved methods of computation, and changes to specialized repair activity material standards and contractual material requirement lists. The record will serve as a basis for initial SRA material standards and contractual MRL's and provide a means whereby the Inventory Manager can analyze these documents and establish an acceptable relationship between SRA and contractor material projections and the Master Material Support Record. This project will furnish source data for computation of the Buyers Guide for operations and maintenance parts and material. Manpower Management (Personnel and Labor Accounting) This project involves a recording of employee skills, abilities, education, training, experience and test scores as a basis for selecting out of five (5) best qualified personnel for a given position vacancy.
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Photo by McClellan Air Force Base Normally, this process will occur within a single depot, but for certain categories the entire command will serve as the selection base. Related products, required periodically, would be Reduction in Force Registers, data on skills losses (turn-over), skillsusage trends, and on inventory of skills levels as a basis for determining proper station assignment of new missions or functions. Automation of Item Schedules for Procurement Docu- ments This project visualizes optional automation of the PR coordination cycle as a continuous flow from generation of a requirements to the subsequent automatic preparation of IFB/RFP schedules. Areas to be incorporated within the project include: the automatic grouping of items for procurement purposes, automatic initiation of funds, standardization of procurement data, precoordination of PR's, and automatic preparation of item schedules. Civilian Personnel and Labor Accounting The objective of this project is to permit machine preparation of the following in lieu of the present manual systems: SF 50's Personnel Action; periodic pay increases; notification of automatic actions, i.e., age, retirement, service awards, detail expirations, annual per formance evaluations; Unit Manning Document; all statistical reports; automatic print-out to indicate any condition reflected by statistics, requiring administrative action, i.e., sick leave, turnover, tardiness, unused annual leave, grade levels, jobshortage categories, etc.; classification survey schedules; rosters of all persons who have received training by s cific courses and rosters of all training received tall. courses) by specific individuals; skills rosters, for purposes of Merit Promotion Program, detailing employees, reassignment, training, recruitment, etc.; profiles for merit promotion program in rank order; print-out of entire service history of any employee for any reason needed; payrolls; and leave, bond, retirement records currently maintained manually USAF ROAMA Griffiss AFB, N. Y. Located in Building No. 311, system is used for stock control and distribution, requirements computation, and Ground C&E Management. USAF Sacramento Air Materiel Comd, McClellan AFB Located at McClellan AFB, California, the system is used for weapons system inventory control and distribution and requirements computation. Bureau of the Census Located in Washington D.C., the system is used for statistical data processing for current statistical
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Photo by University of North Carolina surveys of population, trade, and industry, decennial censuses of population and housing, and other major periodic censuses involving editing and rearranging of input, sorting and merging of records, tallying, tabulating, and summarizing data, computing percentages, medians, means, weights, variances, etc. for data, and arranging and preparing tables, listings, labels, etc. for high speed printer. Bureau of the Census - Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Ill. Same as for Bureau of Census in Washington, D. C. Bureau of Census - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Same as Bureau of Census in Washington, D. C. University of North Carolina Located in Phillips H911, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, the system is used for data processing for the Bureau of the Census, Washington, D. C., scientific research, statistical applications, automatic programming research, and teaching. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal. number system Binary Binary digits/word 36 Binary digits/instruction 36 Instructions per word 1 Instructions decoded 41 fixed point and 9 floating point Arithmetic system Fixed and floating point 1 bit sign, 35 bit number 1 bit sign, 8 bit characteristic, 27 bit mantissa Instruction type Two address 6 bit operation code and two 15-bit operand addresse Number range Fixed point 235 - 1 >= X >= 0 Floating point 2127 > x >= 2-129 and 0 Instruction word format +----------------+---------------+----------------+ | Operation Code | 1st Address | 2nd Address | +----------------+---------------+----------------+ | 35 30 | 29 15 | 14 0 | +----------------+---------------+----------------+ Automatic built-in subroutines include automatic interrupt feature, external function instructions, repeat instruction, floating point polynomial multiply and inner product instructions. Automatic coding includes UNICODE algebraic compiler, USE compiler, IT algebraic compiler, GAT compiler, AIMACO business compiler, and 650 Simulator. Registers include a 72 bit directly addressable accumulator, a 36 bit directly addressable multiplier-quotient register, a 36 bit input- output register, and an 8 bit input/output register. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Exclud Stor Access Microsec Microsec Add 32-60 12-28 Mult 116-410 92-386 Div 482-490 466-474 Arithmetic mode Parallel Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential
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STORAGE Manufacturer No. of No. of Access Media Words Binary/Digits Microsec Magnetic Core 4,096 147,456 8 8,192 294,912 12,288 442,368 Magnetic Drum 16,384 589,824 17,000 32 768 1,179,648 Magnetic Tape No. of units that can be connected 24 Units No. of char/linear inch of tape 250 Char/inch Channels or tracks on the tape 8 Tracks/tape Blank tape separating each record 1.2 or 2.4 Inches Tape speed 100 Inches/sec Transfer rate 25,000 Char/sec Start time 3.5 Millisec Stop time 3.5 Millisec Average time for experienced operator to change reel of tape 10-15 Seconds Physical properties of tape Width 0.5 Inches Length of reel 2,400 Feet Composition Mylar or metallic USAF DAFD No. of No. of Access Media Words Digits/Word Microsec Magnetic Core 12,28872 Octal 8 Magnetic Drum 32,76812 Octal17,000 Magnetic Tapes Up to 12 Octal50,000 720,000 (120 words) (95%free for computation) USAF ROAMA No. of No. of Access Media WordsBinary/DigMicrosec Magnetic Core 0 4,09636 8 Magnetic Core 1 4,09636 8 Magnetic Core 2 4,09636 8 Magnetic Drum 32,768 36 17,000 Magnetic Tape Unlimited USAF SAME No. of No. ofAccess Media Words DigitsMicrosec Magnetic Core 12,288 73,748 12 Magnetic Drum 32,768 196,608 17,000 Magnetic Tape Census Washington; Census-Armour; Census U of NC Magnetic Core 8,192 49,152 6 Magnetic Drum 16,384 98,304 2-34,000 U of NC No. of Access Media Words Microsec Magnetic Cores (2) 8,192 8 Magnetic Drum (Double) 32,7680-34,000 17 buffered tape units in the system INPUT Manufacturer Media Speed Cards 120 cards/min Magnetic Tape 25, 000 char/sec Paper Tape 200 char/sec Magnetic tape block length is variable. Tape may be read backward. Six bit characters are used on both paper and magnetic tape. Paper tape is seven channel tape. 80 column cards are used. USAF DAFD Media Speed Punch Cards120 cards/min Punch Paper Tapes17 words/sec Magnetic Tape3,300 words/sec ROAMA Photoelectric Reader 12,000 char/min Magnetic Tape 100 inches/sec Magnetic tape reading any density. USAF SAM Magnetic Tape 300 microsec/word Paper Tape 200 frames/sec There are 20 magnetic tape unit. Census Washington, Census-Armour, Census-U of NC Magnetic Tape20,000 char/sec (2 independent channels) Paper Tape (Ferranti)200 char/sec Keyboard Insert Manual Two independent channels of magnetic tape. Magnetic tape is utilized in the buffered free-run mode. Census-U of NC has 120 cards/min reader. U of NC Cards 120 cards/min Paper Tape 230 frames/sec Magnetic Tape 100 in/sec 128 lines per inch - low density 200 lines per inch - high density OUTPUT Manufacturer Media Speed Cards 120 cards/min Paper Tape 60 bit char/sec Typewriter (Flexowriter) 10 char/sec High Speed Printer 600 lines/min 120 char/line Cathode ray tube (visual display) read-out may be added. 80 column cards are used. Six bit characters, seven channel paper tape. The high speed printer is operated off-line. It can be adapted for plotting. USAF DAFD Punch Cards120 cards/min Paper Tape 5 words/sec Magnetic Tape3,300 words/sec Typewriter 10 char/sec ROAMA Magnetic Tape100 in/sec High Speed Paper Tape 3,600 char/min Punch Magnetic tape writing at a density of 128 or 200 lines/inch. USAF SAMC Magnetic Tape 300 microsec/word Paper Tape 60 frames/sec Typewriter 100 words/min Census Washington, Census-Armour, Census-U of NC Magnetic Tape 20,000 char/sec Paper Tape (Teletype) 60 char/sec Monitoring Typewriter 10 char/sec (Flexowriter) U of NC Cards 120 cards/min Paper Tape 60 frames/sec Magnetic Tape 100 in/sec Typewriter 10 char/sec Cards are not in use.
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CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Manufacturer Type Quantity Tubes 7AK7 3,261 5963 3,066 6AN5 947 5725 252 All others 767 Diodes ED2261 12,789 1N143 2,112 1N117 1,208 All others 306 Transistors 2N414 724 T1677 288 2N315 136 Magnetic Cores S-4 294,912 All others 9,138 A total of 21 tube types are used. Eleven types of diodes are used. Ten types of transistors are used. Three types of cores are used. Components for Uniservo II (Model 102), a 3rd Core Bank, and floating point circuiting are not included in the above figures, but are listed below- 3rd Core Bank Vacuum Tubes Diodes Cores Transistors 8 types- 3 types- 147,456 None total 471 total 2,267 Type s-4 Floating Point 3 types- 5 types- None None total 21411 total 678 Uniservo II 7 types- 4 types- None None total 43 total 9 CHECKING FEATURES Manufacturer Checking features include overflow, timing. in-output, illegal operation codes and addresses, and safety interlocks. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Manufacturer Power, entire computer system 160 Kw, 175 KVA, 0.9 Pf Room size 49 ft x 64 ft x 10 ft Floor loading 47 lbs/sq ft Weight, computer 35 Tons Air conditioning unit for cooling input water should be at least 35 tons capacity. USAF DAFD Floor loading size of plenum 22 ft x 50 ft x 13 ft Weight, computer 63,753 lbs Computer is installed in a warehouse type building with plywood temporary constructed walls. The lighting, floor and power supply is that of a typical office. The Univac 1105 Computer System is operated from a 208V, 3 phase, 4 wire, 60 cps. supply. Isolation from line transients is achieved by use of a motoralternator set and 70 KVA stabeline supplied with the equipment. The motor-alternator, together with its controls, is located in a separate room. The connection to the computer is below the floor. The maintenance area is supplied with 115V, 15 amp. single place outlets at each bench and three phase, 208V, 15 amp, four wire, 60 cps. service for the chassis test unit. The line-to-line voltage is 208V + 10% during normal operation. All three line-to-line voltages are balanced to within 2% during normal operations. The basic equipment load consists of a 100 hp motor, 3 hp blower motors, a 3/4 hp drum motor, and 70 KVA stabeline. The 100 hp motor, which drives a 75 KVA alternator, is started with no load and has a reduced voltage starter control. The floor space for the 1105 computer is approximately 3,752 sq ft. The power, refrigeration and equipment room uses approximately 2,450 sq ft. The cooling system requires 500E cooling water and a room temperature of approximately 800E maximum at 60% relative humidity or lower. This system consists of three fans cabinets which cool the room air and a plenum which distributes the cooled air to the elec- tronic computer. In addition to the computer, each uniservo requires 3.5 gallons of water per minute. Requirements and data for the air cooling system are as follows: Cooling water temperature (Input) 500E max. Cooling water pressure (Input) 60 lbs/sq in, gage Water flow through entire system 168 gal/min, max Exhaust air temperature from computer 740F-800F. Maximum allowable relative humidity 600. Blower capacity 12,750 cu ft/min ROAMA Power, computer 170 Kw 170 KVA Power, air condi 40.4 Kw40.7 KVA Volume, computer 41,000 cu ft Volume, air conditioner42.0 cu ft Area, computer 4,100 sq ft Area, air conditioner 84 sq ft Floor loading 200 lbs/sq ft 4,800 lbs concen max Capacity, air conditioner75 Tons Weight, computer 63,253 lbs Weight, air conditioner8,000 lbs 208, 3 phase, 4 wires, 60 cps for computer. 220V, 3 phase, 4 wire for air conditioner. Constructed new permanent building designed specifically for the computer. USAF SAMC Power, computer 146 Kw 170 KVA 0.86 pf Power, air condi 160 Kw 200 KVA 0.86 pf Volume, computer 3.246 cu ft Volume, air conditioner846 cu ft Area, computer 3.600 sq ft Area, air conditioner1,881 sq ft Room size, computer60 ft x 60 ft Room size. air conditioner42 ft x 65 ft Floor loading 150 lbs/sq ft 700 lbs concen max Weight, computer 57,089 lbs Weight, air conditioner75,000 lbs Floor is cement and was trenched for cables and chilled water pipes. Acoustical tile was applied to a false ceiling and walls of the room. It was necessary to increase the power to meet the demands of the UFC and 1105. Site preparation for both systems was done simultaneously. Air conditioning was increased and necessary duct work installed. Census Washington Power, computer 150 Kw 170 KVA 0.9 pf Volume, computer 30,000 cu ft Area, computer 3,000 sq ft Room size 100 ft x 30 ft x 10 ft Floor loading 50 lbs/sq ft Weight, computer 60,450 lbs, each
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Alteration of area from previously subdivided sections into the large enclosed area 100x60. Provision of chilled water lines, power conduits and space, air conditioning equipment and air ducts. Alteration of lighting fixtures. Area enclosed in fire wall construction. Air conditioner part of integrated system. Census - Armour Power, air cond 25 Kw 29 KVA Room size, computer50 ft x 60 ft x 10 ft Site specifications included on plans for newly constructed building. Census - U of NC Power, air condition 29 KVA 25 Kw Room size, computer40 ft x 75 ft x 10 ft Site specifications included in plans for newly constructed building. U of NC Power, computer 110 Kw 170 KVA 0.9 pf inductive Power, air cond 100 KVA Volume, computer 17,000 cu ft Area, computer 2,816 sq ft Area, air conditioner 600 sq ft Floor loading 70 lbs/sq ft Capacity, air conditioner75 Tons Weight, computer 35 Tons Computer was installed in the basement of a new building and the space was specifically constructed for this purpose, i.e. with a recessed floor and plenum type of installation. PRODUCTION RECORD Manufacturer Number produced to date 45 incl. all 1100 models COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Manufacturer Monthly Cost Rental Basic system, consisting of $1,932,000 $33,060 8,192 words Magnetic Core, 16,384 words Magnetic Drum, Central Processor, Peripheral Control, and 16 UNISERVO II Additional Equipment 4,096 Magnetic Core $195,000 $ 4,500 16,384 Magnetic Drum 60,000 1,500 Floating Point 65,000 1,545 Uniservo II20,000 450 Card In-Output 55,000 1,310 High Speed Printer 185,000 3,300 Printer is off-line, 80 column card unit. Training courses and manuals are provided for all computers whether purchased or rented. USAF DAFD Model1105 Univac Computer $1,612,000 $33,060 (Basic) includes: Magnetic Core Storage 8,192 words) Magnetic Drum Storage 16,384 words) Two Section Tape Input/Output Buffer; 120 words/Section Variable Block Length Feature Magnetic Tape Control (Accommo- dates up to 24 magnetic tape units) Power Supply Desk Console with Monitorial Oscilloscope Arithmetic Section Main Control Section Air Conditioning Section (Requires Customer-Furnished 50o Water) The following Directly Connected Input/Output Units: 1-Photo-electric Punched Paper Tape Reader 1-High Speed Paper Tape Punch 1-Monitoring Electric Typewriter Additional Equipment: Monthly Cost Rental 1 - Additional Bank of $ 195,000 $ 4,500 4,096 Word Core Storage 1 - Additional Magnetic 60,000 1,500 Drum Storage 16,384 Words 20 - Uniservo II Magnetic400,000 9,000 Tape Units 5 - Unityper II 22,500 450 1 - Univac Verifier (Non-15,000 250 printing Type) 1 - Card to Metallic Tape143,300 2,540 Converter, 80 column 1 - High Speed Printer -185,000 3,300 Off-Line (Water Cooled) (600 lines per minute) 1 - Metallic Tape to CardQuoted on 2,385 Converter - 80 column request $1,020,000 $23,925 Total approx. Selling Price $2,632,800 (Basic and Additional Equipment) Total monthly rental$ 56,985 Maintenance/Service Contracting: Remington Rand will keep the equipment in good operating condition, all costs of maintenance will be borne by the contractor unless the required maintenance is due to the fault or negligence of the installation. Remington Rand shall have its personnel in attendance during all periods of operation unless other mutually agreeable arrangements have been made. The maintenance personnel during a principal period of maintenance which is any eight consecutive hours per day plus an official meal period not to exceed one hour per day, Monday thru Friday, excluding holidays. By giving seven days notice to the contractor, additional maintenance service periods of time other than the designated Principal Period of maintenance can be arranged. All preventive (scheduled) maintenance will be performed at a time other than during working hours, unless otherwise arranged. The installation will be charged for maintenance whenever (1) maintenance personnel are required outside the principal period of maintenance, and the total operational use time on the main frame (or central computer) during the Principal Period of maintenance, is less than 176 hours during a calendar month. However, there will be no extra maintenance charge for periods of preventive or remedial maintenance. Extra maintenance will be at the rate of twelve dollars per man hour computed to the nearest one-half hour. ROAMA Central Computer $33,060 Addition Bank Word Core Storage 4,500 Additional Magnetic Drum Storage 1,500 Twenty Uniservos 9,000 Bi-Directional Converter 4,275 High Speed Printer 3,300
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USAF SAMC 1105 Basic, Magnetic Core Storage, Magnetic Drum Storage, Uniservo II, $48,060 per month. Flexowriter $110 per month. Maintenance is included in rental price. Census Washington 2 Univac 1105 Computers, 18 tape units each, site preparation and installation, spare chassis, initial parts inventory, test equipment $3,080,000 total. 1 Unityper Mod II, 3 Flexowriters, 1 high speed printer buffered with extra print head $258,000. Card-to-tape converter$2,600 per month. Own maintenance is performed. Census - Armour Equipment owned by University but shared with Bureau of the Census on pro rata cost basis. Equipment includes 1 Univac 1105 Computer with 17 tape units, 1 high-speed printer, 1 unityper, 2 Flexowriters. Census share of total installation current cost and equipment amortization (for 90 to 100 hours per week of computer time) equals $320,000 yr. Census - U of NC Equipment owned by University but shared with Bureau of the Census on pro rata cost basis. Equipment includes 1 Univac 1105 Computer with 17 tape units, 1 high-speed printer, 1 unityper, 2 Flexowriters. Census share of total installation current cost and equipment amortization (for 90 to 100 hours per week of computer time) equals $320,000 yr. U of NC The system was purchased for $2,450,000. The Univac 1105 Data Automation System at the University of North Carolina is made up of the follow- ing: 1 Univac Scientific Computer Model 1103A consisting of 4,096 words of core storage, 16,384 words of drum storage, photo-electric paper tape reader, high speed paper tape punch, on line Flexowriter, super- visory control console, motor alternator set, plenum type construction, sir conditioning fan bay. 2 120 word core buffer units 1 Additional bank of 4,096 word core memory 1 Variable block feature for magnetic tape recording 17 Uniservo II, high density tape units 1 Off Line High Speed Printer 1 Unityper II 1 Additional Drum, 16,384 word capacity 1 1105 operational test unit I Complement of 1105 replacement chassis 1 Floating Point Feature 4 Off Line Flexowriters 1 Spare Photo Electric Paper Tape Reader 1 Spare High Speed Paper Tape Punch PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Manufacturer One 8-Hour Two 8-Hour Three 8-Hour Shift Shifts Shifts Supervisors 4 5 6 Analysts 7 7 7 Program & Coders 15 16 17 Clerks 2 2 1/2 3 Librarians1/2 1/2 1/2 Operators 3 5 Engineers 3 4 5 Technicians 3 5 7 In-output Oper 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 Free courses are provided to the customer to instruct its personnel in programming for and maintenance of the computer. USAF DAFD One 8-Hour Shift Used Recommended Supervisors 4 5 Analysts 17 20 Programmers 31 44 Clerks 4 2 Librarians 2 2 Operators 4 4 Engineers and 3 Technicians used on three 8-hour shifts. The Dayton AF Depot currently has two large scale electronic computers in operation viz., Univac I and Model 1105. Univac I is scheduled to be discontinued in the near future. At the present time there are twenty-one (21) civilians and five (5) airmen assigned to the operation of these computers. 3 Supervisors 1 Unit Chief 1 Supervisory Tape Librarian 1 Peripheral Equipment Supervisor 10 Civilian computer operators 6 Operate both Univac I and 1105 4 Operate only Univac I 5 Airmen computer operators 1 Operates both Univac I and 1105 3 Operate only Univac I 1 Operates only peripheral equipment 2 Civilian tape librarians 2 Civilian clerks 4 Civilian peripheral equipment operators A one eight-hour shift is scheduled with available time on two other shifts depending upon the nature of the work and its priority. Methods of training used includes training by the equipment manufacturer, Remington Rand Corp, and onthe-,job training. ROAMA One 8-Hour Shift UsedRecommended Supervisors 1 1 Librarians 1 1 Operators 3 3 In-Output Oper 3 3 Methods of training used includes manufacturer's courses. USAF SAMC One 8-Hour Three 8-Hour Shift Shifts Used Recom Used Recomm Supervisors 4 4 Analysts 52 52 Programmers 63 63 Librarians 3 4 Operators 12 12 Personnelsupport the 650, UFC and 1105 systems. Operation tends toward closed shop. Manufacturer training and on-the-,job training is utilized. CensusWashington Three 8-Hour Shifts Supervisors 3 Analysts, Programmers & Coders 40 Clerks 8 Librarians 5 Operators 12 Engineers 2 Technicians 15 In-Output Oper 8 Tape Handlers 20 Other 4 Most programers shown are customer employees; tape handlers are customer employees.
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Operation tends toward open shop. Training Branch conducts formal classroom sessions for programmers, operators (followed by on-the-job training) executive orientation, brush-up seminars. Classroom and on-the- job training also conducted for engineers and technicians. Census - Armour Three 8-Hour Shifts Supervisors 3 Analysts, Programmers & Coders 20 Clerks 2 Operators Engineers 1 Technicians 10 In-Output Oper 2 Tape Handlers 5 Programmers shown are customer employees, tape handlers are customer employees; all others are University employees. Operation tends toward open shop. Training Branch conducts formal classroom sessions for programmers, operators (followed by on-the-job training) executive orientation, brush-up seminars. Classroom and on-the- job training also conducted for engineers and technicians. Census - U of NC Three 8-Hour Shifts Supervisors 3 Analysts, Programmers & Coders 20 Clerks 2 Operators 6 Engineers 1 Technicians 10 In-Output Oper 2 Tape Handlers 5 Programmers shown are customer employees, tape handlers are customer employees; all others are University employees. Operation tends toward open shop. Training Branch conducts formal classroom sessions for programmers, operators (followed by on-the-job training) executive orientation, brush-up seminars. Classroom and on-the- job training also conducted for engineers and technicians. U of NC One 8-Hour Three 8-Hour Shift Shifts Supervisors 1 Analysts 2 Programmers 6 Clerks 1 Librarians 1 Operators 4 Engineers 5 Technicians 8 In-Output Oper 3 Tape Handlers 4 The 8 hour shift figures represent University requirements only. The three 8 hour shifts requirements represent University and Bureau of the Census personnel needs since the University supplies all personnel in these particular categories. Operation tends toward open shop. Methods of training used includes training course conducted by the Bureau of the Census for Computer Operators, vourses conducted by the Computation Center for training maintenance personnel (This is not an accredited University course.), on-the- job training, accredited University courses and Graduate Seminars on Computer Usage and Programming. (These courses at present are oriented towards scientific applications.), and special short courses on programming (Not accredited University courses.). RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Manufacturer Regularly scheduled preventive maintenance procedures designed to detect failing components before errors occur. USAF DAFD Good time 60 Hours/Week Average Attempted to run time71 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.8 to 1.0 Above figures based on period from May 60 to Jul 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test 30 Apr 60 Time is not available for rent to outside organiza- tions. USAF SAMC Good time 98 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time100 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.98 Above figures based on Mar and Apr 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test 30 Apr 60 Time is not available for rent to outside organiza- tions. Good time includes Set-up time. The 2 hours lost time is unscheduled maintenance. Census Washington Good time(each machine) 126 Hours/Week (Average) includes lost time from non-machine causes) Attempted to run time136 Hours/Week (Average) (each machine; excludes scheduled maintenance) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.927 Above figures based on period 3 Apr 60 to 23 Apr 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Feb 59 and Jun 59 Time is not available for rent to outside organiza- tions. Census - Armour Good time 85 Hours/Week Average Attempted to run time 101 Hours/Week Average; Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.85 Above figures based on period 28 Feb 60 to 1 May 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Jul 59 Time is not available for rent to outside organiza- tions. Good time includes lost time from non-machine causes. Attempted to run time excludes scheduled maintenance. Census - U of NC Good time 85 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time101 Hours/Week (Average) Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.85 Above figures based on period 28 Feb 60 to 1 May 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test Jul 59 Time is not available for rent to outside organiza- tions. Good time includes lost time from non-machine causes. Attempted to run time excludes scheduled maintenance. U of NC Good time107.4 Hours/Week (Average) Attempted to run time 122 Hours/Week (Average) Operating Ratio (Good/Attempted to run time) 0.88 Above figures based on period 1 Jul 60 to 1 Oct 60 Passed Customer Acceptance Test 22 Aug 59 Time is available for rent to qualified outside organ- izations. Approximately 15 hours per week is avail- able for outside organizations.
BRL 1961, UNIVAC 1105, start page 0928
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Manufacturer Outstanding features are interrupt feature, simultaneous read-write-compute, two address logic, 2 input-output registers for a large variety of on-line equipment, and repeat command. A unique system advantage is continuous input format capability on magnetic tape. Special recommended procedures for magnetic tape labelling, storing, shipping, and protection from humidity, temperature, electrical, fire, or other damage are described in the Users Guide for Care and Preservation of Metallic Tape. USAF DAFD The 1105 Univac Computer is specifically designed for applications requiring great programming versatility, high operating speed, and large storage capacity. Maximum use of the high speed inherent in this computer is permitted by the unusual logical design and its unique Program Interrupt feature. In addition to performing large scale calculations, the system is adaptable to a wide variety of applications including simulation and control in real time. Programs of internally stored instructions, capable of self-modification, determine the sequence of operations. Thus, the computing system is fully automatic. Its high speed results from parallel mode operation whereby all digits of a number are operated upon simultaneously. Magnetic tapes are stored in a specially constructed concrete block vault and lined with copper screened wire to avoid any magnetic disturbance. Atmospheric conditions are 70oF and 50,% R. H. Approximately T,336 tapes are stored in cabinets elevated from the floor. Tape management is under the supervision of the tape librarian. Peripheral Equipment - Space required is approximately 1,525 sq ft for the following equipment: Card-to-Tape Converter Tape-to-Card Converter High Speed Printer The above components have an independent chilled water system and require 220 volts, single phase 60 cycle current. USAF SAMC The 1105's two bi-directional tape buffers, twenty Uniservo tape units and "interrupt" feature facilitate efficient simultaneous input, output and computation functions. The automatic programming in use on the 1105 provides for optimum use of its data processing capabilities. Census Washington, Census-Armour, Census U of NC Adopted procedures for magnetic tape labelling, storage, shipping, and protection from humidity, temperature and physical, electrical, fire, or other damage include fire wall construction; metallic containers for magnetic tape, fire fighting organization and training, control system for defective and damaged tapes, and standardization of tape reel lengths and markings. FUTURE PLANS USAF SAMC SMAMA will acquire another 1105 in FY61 to support an advanced weapon system. U of NC Proposed new components include a locally designed and constructed 400 card/min reader and a programmer controlled clock and stop watch. INSTALLATIONS U. S. Air Force Dayton AF Depot Wilmington Pike Dayton, Ohio U. S. Air Force ROAMA Griffiss Air Force Base, New York U. S. A. F. Sacramento Air Materiel Command Data Systems Division, Comptroller McClellan Air Force Base, California Bureau of the Census Washington 25, D. C. Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago, Illinois Bureau of the Census University of North Carolina Chapel Rill, North Carolina University of North Carolina Computation Center P. 0. Box 929 Chapel Hill, North Carolina The Prudential Insurance Company of America Post Office Drawer 594 Newark 1, New Jersey


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