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BRL 1961, JOHNNIAC, start page 0576
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JOHNNIAC
John (Von Neumann)
Integrator and Automatic Computer
MANUFACTURER
The Rand Corporation
Photo by the Rand Corporation
APPLICATIONS
Scientific and engineering data processing.
PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM
Internal number system Binary
Binary digits per word 40
Binary digits per instruction 20
Instructions per word 2
Instructions decoded 128
Instructions used Approx.85
Arithmetic system Fixed point
Instruction type One address
Number range Numerically less than unity.
Negative numbers are represented as complements.
ARITHMETIC UNIT
Includ. Stor. Access Exclud. Stor. Access
Microsec Microsec
Add time 25 10
Mult time 400 385
Div time 400 385
Construction Vacuum tubes and transistors
Rapid access word registers 4
Arithmetic mode Parallel
Timing Asynchronous
Operation Sequential
Addition is concurrent with store cycle. Multiply and divide times are
maximum. The transistorized logical adder has a full carry time of 1.5
microseconds.
In 1957, the vacuum tube analog adder was replaced with a transistorized
logical adder. The maximum carry time of the new 40-stage adder is 0.8
microseconds. There are about 1200 transistors in the unit. The transistor
count includes many logical functions which have been packaged with the
adder.
The control has been partly transistorized to gain a significant increase
in basic operation rates. Circuit modifications have been limited to control
sections affecting basic clear, gate, and shift operations.
STORAGE
Microsec
Media Words Digits Access
Magnetic Core 4,096 40/word 15
Magnetic Drum 12,288 40/word 1,000
Drum access time is average access to first word. Sixty microseconds are
required for each succeeding address in same channel.
BRL 1961, JOHNNIAC, start page 0577
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INPUT
Media Speed
Card Reader 240 cards/min
An IBM collator is used. Both primary and secondary feeds are used.
OUTPUT
Media Speed
Card Punch 100 cards/min
Printer (ANelex) 1,200 lines/min
An IBM 523 is used. The printer prints 136 columns, 56 char/column
(alphanumeric).
During the year 1959 an on-line modified EAI plotter was installed. The 40"
x 40" plotter was modified to include straight line drawing ability as well as
circle drawing ability. The plotter can be instructed under JOHNNIAC
control to go to point Xl, Y1 and draw a line to point X2, Y2. The circle
drawing instruction causes the plotter to go to point X, Y and draw a circle of
radius r. Point plotting and symbol printing are also available.
In 1959, an on-line ANelex printer was added.
CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM
Tubes 5,000
Tube types 11
Crystal diodes 500
Magnetic storage cores163,840
Magnetic switch cores 5,120
Transistors 1,400
CHECKING FEATURES
Manual marginal testing is performed.
POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION
Power, computer 55 Kw, 63 KVA, 0.88 PF
Power, air cond. 28 Kw
Space, computer 290 cu. ft., 36 sq. ft.
Space, air cond. 180 cu. ft., 50 sq. ft.
Weight, computer 5,000 lbs.
Weight, air cond. 5,000 lbs.
Capacity, air cond. 25 tons
Dimensions of computer are 12 x 3 x 8 feet.
PRODUCTION RECORD
Produced 1
Operating 1
This system was designed and is owned and operated by the Rand
Corporation.
PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
Tech and
Daily Operation Engineers Operators
2-8 Hour shifts 1 2
One technician per shift and one engineer on call is required.
RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE,
AND TIME AVAILABILITY
Average error-free running period 10 hours
Good time 1,380 hours
Attempted to run time 1,500 hours
Operating ratio (Good/Attempted to run) 0.92
Figures based on period July 1956 to November 1956
Acceptance test March 1954
Two transistors of the new arithmetic unit failed during the first year of
operation due to defective seals. No failures have occurred since early 1958.
This failure record represents two transistor failures in 14,976,000 transistor-
hours.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
System includes console facilities which report static state of all registers
in an octal display, allow manual entry of information via a keyboard,
punch contents of all registers and keyboard conditioning switches on a
single card, display static state of all toggles and allow manual control
over toggle states.
A wired in core store test routine is included which tests all addresses and
bits under a variety of information patterns without aid of a stored program.
INSTALLATIONS
The Rand Corporation
1700 Main Street
Santa Monica, California
BRL 1961, JUKEBOX, start page 0578
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JUKEBOX
Missile Firing Data Computer JUKEBOX
MANUFACTURER
Autonetics Division
North American Aviation, Incorporated
APPLICATIONS
General purpose computing.
PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM
Internal number system Binary
Binary digits/word 39 + Sync + sign
Binary digits/instruction 20
Instructions per word 2
Arithmetic system Fixed point
Instruction type Two address
Number range - 1 < N < + 1
Instruction word format
+-------+-----------------+-------+--------------------+--------+
| Sign | Left Command | Sign | Right Command | Sync |
+-------+------+----------+-------+------+-------------+--------+
| + | 1 6 | 7 7 6 0 0| + | 1 6 | 7 7 6 0 0 | 1 |
+-------+------+----------+-------+------+-------------+--------+
| B 0 0 | 0 0 0 0 B| B 0 0 | 0 0 0 0 B | |
Operation LocationOperation Location
B - Binary
0 - Octal
Computer uses binary coded decimal and command format on
input and output devices only. Automatic coding
Punched tape teletype code to octal or binary coded decimal
during tape fill. Registers and B-boxes
Two 8-word rapid access storage registers. Five 1word
arithmetic registers.
ARITHMETIC UNIT
Incl Stor Access Exclud Stor Access
Microsec Microsec
Memory HS Storage
Add 9,590 2,040 540
Mult 19,850 12,300 10,800
Div 20,390 12,840 11,340
Average access time 9,050 microseconds.
Construction (Arithmetic unit only)
Transistors 664
Condensers 673
Diodes 4,401
Arithmetic mode Serial
Timing Synchronous
Operation Sequential
STORAGE
No. of No. of Access
Mediun Words Digits Microsec
Magnetic Disk 4,096 167,936 9,050
INPUT
Media Speed
Paper Tape 200 char/sec
20 in/sec
Keyboard Manual
OUTPUT
Media Speed
Printer (Typewriter) 11 char/sec (BCD or octal)
Nixie Display Tubes 16 char/17,280 microsec
(BCD or octal)
CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM
Type Quantity
Tubes 0
Diodes 5,316
Transistors 885
Magnetic Cores 0
Above figures do not include system and component testers.
CHECKING FEATURES
Component test set:Tests each computer board sep-
arately.
Optional in both dynamic and static modes.
System test set: Panel array of neon indicators showing the
status of all the flipflops in a dynamic or
static oneshot mode; includes marginal test
feature of power supply variation and clock
fitter.
POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION
Power, computer 0.5 Kw 0.9 pf
Volume, computer 4 cu ft
Volume, parameter 1.25 cu ft
Volume, tape reader 2.5 cu ft
Vole, control 1.25 cu ft
Area, computer 2 sq ft
Area, parameter 1.25 sq ft
Area, tape reader 1.25 sq ft
Area, control 1.25 sq ft
Room size, computer (weight) 125 lbs
Room size, parameter weight 55 lbs
Room size, tape read weight; 45 lbs
Room size, control (weight) 50 lbs
Floor loading 35 lbs/sq ft
125 lbs concen max
Weight, computer 275 lbs, total plus 90
lbs auxiliary equipment
Air conditioner is not supplied with computer.
Computer operating temperaturerange 55oF to 110oF
Temperature rise approximately 10oF above room
temperature.
Frequency range 50 to 70 cycles/sec
Voltage range 105 v, ac to 135v, ac
Auxiliary equipment
Systems tester 2 cu ft, 2.5 sq ft, 38 lbs 60w
Component tester 3.75 cu ft, 2.5 sq ft, 52 lbs
90 w
BRL 1961, JUKEBOX, start page 0579
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PRODUCTION RECORD
Number produced to date 5
In addition to the five computers specified, there
exist five R&D models operating on 400 cycle power
with half the clock rate and computing speed.
PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
One operator per 8-hour shift.
Training made available by manufacturer to users includes
maintenance and programming.
RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE,
AND TIME AVAILABILITY
Several construction features have been incorporated to enhance
reliability. These are all solid-state components, gold-plated pins,
connectors, and etched circuitry, epoxy-coated boards, closed-
loop wiring; wires to gates, power supplies, clock signals are
routed back to the origin to retain operation in case of wire
breakage, and extensive use is made of timeshared gates and flip-
flops to minimize the total number of components.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS
Outstanding features include simplicity of operation and
programming.
Unique system advantages include high-speed visual display of
information in memory, either in binary coded decimal or
command format.
FUTURE PLANS
This system has been replaced by the FADAC computer.
INSTALLATIONS
Autonetics, a Division of North American Aviation, Inc. 9150 E.
Imperial Highway Downey, California
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