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BRL 1961, IBM 1401, start page 0526

IBM 1401

IBM 1401 Data Processing System MANUFACTURER International Business Machines Corporation Photo by International Business Machines Corporation APPLICATIONS Manufacturer System is designed and used for commercial applications, including payroll, railroad freight car accounting, public utility customer accounting, merchandising, and accounts receivable for retailers. Hickok Manufacturing Co., Inc. To be located at 850 St Paul Street, Rochester , New York, the system will be used for order processing (packing lists and shipping labels, invoicing, accounts receivable preparation, item sales statistics and forecasting, inventory planning and control, prime cost reports, customer statistics, salesmens territory reports, and hourly payroll. Western Electric Company, Inc. - Laureldale Plant Located at Laureldale, Penna., the system will be used for a variety of data processing problems on a one shift basis. Initial plans are to convert major tabulating applications such as payrolls, labor distribution, order accounting and accounting analysis which will require twenty-five percent utilization and effect cost reduction in released punch card equipment and personnel. New applications planned are inventory control, parts explosion, product inprocess inventories and results, statistical analyses of product test results, X bar-R chart plotting, and cost bulletin. Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Steam Division Located at Lester Branch P. O., Philadelphia 13, Pa., the system is used as off-line equipment auxiliary to 7090, for tape-to-card operations, card-to-tape operations, tape-to- printer operations, card-to-printer operations, etc. In addition, as a computer for small ,jobs currently done on punched card tabulating equipment. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary coded decimal Decimal digits/word Variable length Decimal digits/instruction one to eight Instructions per word Variable length Arithmetic system Fixed point Instruction type One or two address
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Instruction word format +-----+---------------+--------------+---------------+ | OP | A/I Address | B Address | d Modifier | +-----+---------------+--------------+---------------+ | X | XXX | XXX | X | +-----+---------------+--------------+---------------+ +-----+----------+-----------+ | OP | (A/I) | B | +-----+----------+-----------+ | X | XXX | XXX | +-----+----------+-----------+ +-----+----------+-----------+ | OP | (A/I) | d | +-----+----------+-----------+ | X | XXX | | +-----+----------+-----------+ +-----+-------+ | OP | (A/I) | +-----+-------+ | X | XXX | +-----+-------+ +-----+-------+ | OP | d | +-----+-------+ | X | X | +-----+-------+ +-----+ | OP | +-----+ | X | +-----+ OP 1 character operation code A/I 3 character storage address where A is loca- tion of a data word or I is address of next instruction B 3 character storage address of a data word d 1 character modifier Automatic coding includes a symbolic programming system. Registers I Address Register A Address Register B Address Register A Register B Register A Index Register B Index Register AB Index Register A and B Address Registers allow chaining of instructions, i.e., performing a series of operations on several fields that are in sequence in storage. Less time is required to perform the operations and space is saved in storing instructions. Indexing is part of optional advanced programming feature which also includes abilities to move full records and to store A and B Address Registers for easy program modification. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl Stor Access Microsec Add 300(8+8 digits) Mult 1,960(6x4 digits Div 2,170(10/4 digits) Multiply-Divide times are for the Multiply-Divide feature installed. 1401 1s an "Add-to-Storage" system. No additional instructions or time is required to store results. Arithmetic mode Serial (by character) Timing Synchronous Asynchronous (depending on function) Operation Sequential Concurrent (depending on function) Timing - Operations Card input/output can often be overlapped with processing. Print output can be partially overlapped with processing; or can be completely overlapped with print storage installed. Magnetic tape input/output is not overlapped. Internal processing is serial. STORAGE Manufacturer No. of Access Media Alphanum/Char Microsec Core 1,400; 2,000; 4,000; 11.5 8,000; 12,000; 16,000 Magnetic Disk 10,000,000 500,000 (Avg) (Type 1405) Model I Magnetic Disk 20,000,000 500,000 (Avg) (Type 1405) Model II 50,000 two hundred character records on 25 discs (Model I). 100,000 two hundred character records on 50 discs (Model II). Both models have two read-write arms. Magnetic Tape No. of units that can be connected 6 Units No. of chars/linear inch of tape 556 Char/inch Channels or tracks on the tape 7 Tracks/tape Blank tape separating each record 0.75 Inches Tape speed 75 Inches/sec Transfer rate 15,000 to 62,500 Char/sec Start time 7.3 or 10.8 Millisec Stop time 7.3 or 10.8 Millisec Average time for experienced operator to change reel of tape 60 - 120 Seconds Physical properties of tape Width 0.5 Inches Length of reel 2,400 Feet Composition Mylar Two tape units can be specified: 729 II or 729 IV. Mylar is DuPont's registered trademark for its polyester film. Westinghouse No. of No. of Access Medium Words Digits Microsec Magnetic Core 4000 char 6 bits/char, 11.5 1 parity bit, 1 word mark bit. INPUT Manufacturer Media Speed Cards (80 column Type 1402) 250 or 800 cards/min Magnetic Tape (729 II or 15,000 or 62,500 char/sec 729 IV) Dual density standard Paper Tape 500 char/sec Reading is controlled by a panel which decodes the paper tape in binary coded decimal for 5, 6, 7 or 8 channel tape. Optical Character Reader 290 to 400 documents/min Cards or documents may be read. Reader is under program control. Characters which may be read are the Type 407 print, .093 inches high. Characters which may be read are the integers 0 - 9, -, 1-, and a # . Paper or cards must have a horizontal width dimension of 5-7/8 inches minimum to a 8-3/4 inches maximum. The vertical dimensions are 2-3/4 inches minimum to 3-2/3 inches maximum. .Option of one or two lines/document. Reading is serial, left to right. Console Inquiry Station Manual (Type 1407) Modified IBM Electric Typewriter with a 12 inch carriage, using a continuous form.
BRL 1961, IBM 1401, start page 0528
Westinghouse Media Speed Magnetic Tape IBM 729 II75 in/sec 15,000 or 42,000 char/sec Character rate varies due to high or low density tape option. Card Reader Boo cards/min IBM 1402 Card Read-Punch OUTPUT Manufacturer CardsMedia(8o columm) 250 cards/min Magnetic Tape 15,000 or 62,500 char/sec (Type 729 II and 729 IV) Dual. density standard Printer 60 lines/min Westinghouse Card Punch 250 cards/min IBM 1402 Card Read-Punch Printer 600 lines/min IBM 1403 Printer Magnetic Tape CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Manufacturer Type Quantity Diodes 6,213 - 14,171 (Min. and max. systems Transistors 4,315 - 9,805 (Min. and Max- systems) Magnetic Cores Type 17: 17,540 Minimum system Type 24: 200 Type 17: 129,540 Maximum system Type 24: 600 Type 18: 1,120 CHECKING FEATURES Manufacturer Parity and validity checks are made. Programming checks, balances and controls may be made. 1402 Checking Automatic hole count check between read stations. Automatic Hollerith Validity check before storage entry. Automatic hole count check between punch station and read station. 1402 Translation Automatic card to internal BCD input translation. Automatic internal BCD to card output translation. 1403 Checking Automatic parity check of character to be printed. Automatic validity check of character to be printed. Hammer action to be performed. Hammer action performed. 729 II - 729 IV Checking Vertical parity check by character Horizontal check by record Two-gap head verifies validity at the time data is written Dual-level sensing provides additional checking of tape read and write operations and error-free operation on valid data. 1402 Card Read Punch - Punch feed read and 51/80 colon interchangeable read feed. 1403 Printer - print storage. Input-output - column binary device. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Manufacturer Power, computer 2.88 Kw 3.2 KVA min. = Model A (Max)12.15 Kw 13.5 KVA 0.80 to 0.90 pf max' = Model C+6-729s Power, air condition approx 3 Kw (Min.) approx 11 Kw (Max. ) The KVA and power factor varies with manufacturer. Minimum system requires 1 Ton, maximum system requir- es 3 1/2 Tons. Volume, computer 117.2 cu ft min. 403.8 cu ft max. Area, computer 33.8 sq ft min. 80.8 sq ft max. Room size 239 sq ft min. 463 sq ft max. Floor loading 25 lbs/sq ft 325 lbs concen max Volume, air conditioner 6 cu ft - 1 ton unit 84 cu ft - 5 ton Area, computer 3 sq ft - 1 ton 12 sq ft - 5 ton Capacity, air conditioner Depends on manufacturer 3 1/2 tons are required for maxim size system, a 5 ton unit would be nearest size available. Weight, computer 3,063 lbs (Min:) 11, 530 lbs Max Normal air conditioning will usually be adequate, providing the capacity is available to handle the added B.T.U. of heat generated by the system. Relatively few restrictions axe placed on the arrangement of the 1401 System units. Electrical requirements - 208 or 230 volts (¤10'%), 3-Abase (4-wire), 60 cycle (t 1/2 cycle). Environmental requirements Power On (system operating) temperature 600 - 900F, relative humidity 20 - 80'%, air filtration - 20'% minimum by National Bureau of Standards discoloration test for mechanical-type filter. Power Off (extended non-operational period) temperature 500 - 1100F, relative humidity 0 - 80%. These environmental requirements are less stringent than those that apply to storage areas for IBM cards and magnetic tape. It is recommended that instruments capable of recording temperature and humidity be provided. The 1401 System does not require a raised floor. However, if the rated floor loading of the area in which the system is to be installed is inadequate, certain types of raised floor can serve the purpose of spreading the load evenly over a larger area. Also, the use of a raised floor reduces the possibility of damage to cables and improves the appearance of the installation. Westinghouse Power, computer 208 or 230 volts, 60 cycle, 3 phase, 4 wire system. Power, air conditionerlimited amount needed Volume, computer326 cu ft approx Volume, air conditioner60 cu ft (approx Area, computer 70 sq ft approx Area, air conditioner12 sq ft (approx Room size 350 sq ft (approx Floor loading 50 lbs/sq ft 70 lbs concen max Weight, computer 14,655 lbs Weight, sir conditioner 400 lbs
BRL 1961, IBM 1401, start page 0529
PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date Over 2,800 Time required for delivery 24 months Over 2,800 systems have been sold to date. COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Manufacturer Monthly Basic System Cost Rental IBM 1401 Processing Unit, $ 70,500 $1,200 Model A-1 IBM 1402 Card Read Punch, Model 1 24,800 550 IBM 1403 Printer, Model 1 30,300 725 Total $125,600 $2,475 Additional Equipment IBM 729 II Magnetic Tape unit $ 27,500 $ 700 IBM 729 IV Magnetic Tape Unit 59,000 1,100 (maximum of 6 tape units) Tape Input-Output Adapter Feature 22,700 980 IBM 1406 (Additional Core) Stor- 20,100 to 575 to age (3 models) 55,100 1,575 Maintenance contracts available for purchased or rented equipment. Hickok Mfg Co. Rental configuration scheduled for installation: Model or Monthly Type Device Description Rental 1 1401 C03 Processing Unit $2,680 1 560 Multiply-Divide Md 1 B C 325 1 617 Print Storage Md 1 BCD 375 1 497 High Low-Eq Comp BCD 75 1 1403 002 Printer ARM A 775 1 1402 002 Card Read Punch 550 5 729 002 Magnetic Tape Unit 770 ea WE - Laureldale Plant The Laureldale Plant presently employs conventional punch card equipment for mechanized data processing. A feasibility study has recently been completed and an IBM 1401 data processing system has been recommended. Management is currently considering this recommendation. The recommended components of the 1401 are as follows: Monthly Machine Model Description Rental 1401 B4 Processing unit (4,000 $ 1,630 positions 27 Advanced Programming- Index Registers 105 321 Expanded Print Edit 20 560 Multiply-Divide Device 325 605 Additional Print Control 60 611 Punch Feed Read 55 497 High-Low-Equal Compare 75 617 Print Storage 375 627 Read Punch Release 25 682 Sense Switches 15 1402 1 Card Read Punch 550 619 Punch Feed Read 25 1403 1 Printer 775 of Magnetic Core Storage) 575 ---- Total Monthly Rental $4,610 Westinghouse System components are IBM 1401-c3, IBM 1402, IBM 1403, IBM 1406, and IBM 729 II. The approximate monthly rental is $8,300. Maintenance and service is provided by the manufacturer and is included. in monthly rental. PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Manufacturer Varies considerably according to installation and application. Training made available by the manufacturer to the users includes programming and practical experience on systems. Programming systems available are: symbolic programming system; generalized tape sorts; tape system utilities, including card- to-tape, tape-to-card, tapeto-printer; card report program generator; subroutines; and debugging aids - service routines. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE, AND TIME AVAILABILITY Manufacturer Reliability is achieved by utilizing solid state devices, i.e. core storage, printed circuits, and transistorized circuits. Checking, as previously detailed, also provides reliability. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Manufacturer Outstanding features are: high speed card inputoutput, high speed magnetic tape input-output, high speed on-line printing, completely variable length core storage assignments, "Add-to- Storage" simplifies programming, and single-instruction print editing. Unique system advantages are: solid-state engineering, economical, independent data processing system, auxiliary system to 7007000 series, and simplified programming. Growth of the system is permissible in the basic card system, the advanced card system, and the card and magnetic system. Optional features as required, are available. INSTALLATIONS Boston Naval Shipyard Boston, Massachusetts General Electric Company, Inc. Missile and Space Vehicle Department 3198 Chestnut Street Philadelphia 4, Pennsylvania General Insurance Company of America 4347 Brooklyn Avenue Seattle 5, Washington Hickok Manufacturing Company, Inc. 850 St. Paul Street Rochester 1, N. Y. Western Electric Company, Inc. - Laureldale Plant Marion and. Vine Streets Laureldale, Pennsylvania Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Steam Division Lester Branch P. 0. Philadelphia 13, Pennsylvania U. S. Army, Headquarters, TAGO Washington 25, D. C. U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Maintenance Center 52 Starling Street Columbus 16, Ohio (Proposed)
BRL 1961, IBM 1401, start page 0530
U. S. Army Quartermster Depot Richmond, Virginia (Proposed) U. S. Army Signal Supply Agency 225 S. 18th Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania U. S. Navy Administrative Office EXOS, A0, EAD, EDPB Washington 25, D. C. (Proposed) U. S. Navy Bureau of Yards and Docks Washington 25, D. C. (Proposed) U. S. Navy Mare Island Shipyard Vallejo, California U. S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory White Oak Silver Spring, Maryland U. S. Navy Ships Parts Control Center Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania U. S. Air Force Air Defense Command Ent Air Force Base Colorado Springs, Colorado (Proposed) U. S. Air Force Aviation Supply Office 700 Robbins Avenue Philadelphia 11, Pennsylvania U. S. Air Force Mathematical Services Laboratory Eglin Air Force Base, Florida U. S. Air Force Mobile Air Materiel Area Brookley Air Force Base, Alabama U. S. Air Force San Bernardino Air Materiel Area Norton Air Force Base, California Wright Air Development Center, ARDC Directorate of Systems Engineering Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio (Proposed) Air Weather Service Climatic Center 225 D Street, S.E. Washington 25, D. C. (Proposed) U. S. Department of Agriculture (5) Commodity Stabilization Service New Orleans, Louisiana Bureau of Flight Standards Federal Aviation Agency Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Department of Health, Education & Welfare Social Security Administration Candler Building Baltimore 2, Maryland (Proposed) National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lewis Research Center Cleveland 35, Ohio Tennessee Valley Authority 116 Old Post Office Chattanooga, Tennessee U. S. Treasury Department Internal Revenue Service 10th - Constitution Avenues Washington, D. C. Veterans Administration Data Processing Center Hines, Illinois (Proposed) American Telephone & Telegraph Company Mount Kisco, New York (Proposed) American Telephone & Telegraph Company (4) 50 Varick Street New York, N. Y. (Proposed) AVCO Corporation Crosley Division 1329 Arlington Street Cincinnati 29, Ohio (Proposed) Bank of America (4) 500 Howard Street San Francisco, California Bankers Life Insurance Company of Nebraska Cotner at 0 Street Lincoln, Nebraska Bell Telephone Laboratories (3) Murray Hill, New Jersey (Proposed) Bell Telephone Laboratories (3) Whippany Road Whippany, New Jersey (Proposed) California Institute of Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena 3, California Chase Manhattan Bank 57 William Street, Room 200 New York, N. Y. Combustion Engineering, Inc. 200 Madison Avenue New York 16, N. Y. (Installation Newark, New Jersey) Consolidated Edison Company of New York 4 Irving Place New York 3, N. Y. Convair (2) Fort Worth, Texas (Proposed) Eastman Kodak Company (2) Rochester, New York E1 Paso Natural Gas Company (2) P. 0. Box 1492 El Paso, Texas Esso Standard (2) Humble Oil & Refining Company P. o. Box 551 Baton Rouge, Louisiana Firestone Tire & Rubber Company (2) Akron 17, Ohio Ford Motor Company Dearborn Stamping Plant, Box 494 Controller's Office Dearborn, Michigan (Proposed) Ford Motor Company (2) Ford Division Rotunda and Southfield Dearborn, Michigan (Proposed) Ford Motor Company (2) Manufacturing Services Rouge Office Building Dearborn, Michigan (Proposed) General Motors Corporation (2) A. C. Spark Plug Division 1300 N. Dort Highway Flint, Michigan (Proposed) General Motors Corporation Allison Division Indianapolis 6, Indiana
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General Motors Corporation Research Laboratories 12 Mile and Mound Roads Warren, Michigan Gulf Research & Development Company P. 0. Drawer 2038 Pittsburgh 30, Pennsylvania (Proposed) Hughes Aircraft Company 5405 West 102nd Street Los Angeles, California (Proposed) International Business Machines Corporation Scientific Computations laboratory Endicott, New York International Business Machines Corporation Data Systems Division Poughkeepsie, New York International Business Machines Corporation Methods DS Manufacturing South Road Poughkeepsie, New York International Harvester Company 1301 West 22nd Street Broadview, Illinois (Proposed) International Harvester Company Motor Truck Division, Box 1109 Meyer Road Fort Wayne, Indiana The Marquardt Corporation 16555 Saticoy Street Van Nuys, California The Martin Company Baltimore, Maryland (Proposed) The Martin Company Denver, Colorado Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company (3) 900 Bush Avenue St Paul 6, Minnesota Newport News Ship and Drydock Company Washington Avenue Newport News, Virginia (Proposed) The Ohio 031 Company (2) 539 South Main Street Findlay, Ohio Pratt and Whitney (2) Florida Research & Development Center United, Florida Republic Aviation Corporation Farmingdale, L. I., New York Sandia Corporation (2) Albuquerque, New Mexico (Proposed) Service Bureau Corporation IBM Plant San Jose, California Socony Mobil Oil Company, Inc. 150 E. 42nd Street New York 17, N. Y. Standard Oil Company of California Electronic Computing Center 225 Bush Street San Francisco 20, California (Proposed) Standard 011 Company of Indiana EDP Department 2400 New York Avenue Whiting, Indiana Standard Oil Company of Ohio (3) 71.7 Republic Building Cleveland 15, Ohio Texaco, Incorporated (11) P. 0. Box 2332 Houston 1, Texas Western Electric Company (3) 77 South Wacker Drive Chicago 23, Illinois (Proposed) Western Electric Company (3) 100 Central Avenue Kearny, New Jersey Westinghouse Electric Corporation Sharpsville Avenue Sharon, Pennsylvania (Proposed) Johns Hopkins University Johns Hopkins Road Scaggsville, Maryland Midwestern Universities Research Association 2203 University Avenue Madison 5, Wisconsin Yale University Computing Center 135 Prospect Street New Haven, Connecticut REMARKS General Motors Allison Division The 1401-1 is scheduled for shipment. The present specifications and prices are as follows: Monthly Qty Unit Rental 1 1401 C-3 $3,385.03 This price includes: Advanced programming $105 Col umm Binary 100 High-Low-Equal Compare 75 Print Storage 375 1 1402 558.25 1 1403-2 786.63 Printing Arrangement F 2 729 II at 710.50 The 1401-2 is also scheduled for shipment. The present specifications and prices are the rime as the 1401-1 above with the exception of 1 729 II. The 1401-3 is scheduled for shipment in May 1961. The present specifications and prices are as follows: 1 1401 C-4 $3,801.18 This price includes: Advanced programming $105 Column Binary 100 High-Low-Equal Compare 75 Print Storage 375 Multiply Divide 325 Back Space File RPQ 40 1 1402 558.25 1 1403 786.63 Printing Arrangement F 1 1406 583.63 1 729 11 710.50
BRL 1961, IBM 1410, start page 0532

IBM 1410

IBM 1410 Data Processing System MANUFACTURER International Business Machines Corporation
Photo The new IBM 1410 greatly extends the range of intermediate computers for commercial data processing. Together, the 1410 and the 1401 system form a compatible machine family. Transition from a 1401 to a 1410 is possible with a minimum of system development costs. Shown here is an expanded RAMAC 1410 system. The 1410 comes in card, magnetic tape, RAMAC and RAMAC tape models. With five RAMAC disk storage units, the 1410 can store 100-million characters of information for inline processing. Operator is seated at the 1415 console. From left to right in background are the 1403 printer, the 1402 card read punch, the 1411 processing unit and the 1011 paper tape reader. The girl is standing in front of the 1412 magnetic character reader used with the 1410 in banking applications. To her right are a 1405 disk storage unit, a 7330 low-cost magnetic tape unit and two 729 magnetic tape units. The 1410 can handle a total of twenty tape units. APPLICATIONS Portions of this description have been reprinted by permission from IBM General Information Manual 1410 Data Processing System, Copyright 1960 by Inter- national Business Machines Corporation. Large volume commercial data processing and rapid scientific computations. System is available in a variety of configurations. The three basic config- urations are the IBM 1410 Card System, the IBM 1410 Tape System and the IBM RAMAC 1410 System. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary coded decimal Decimal digits/word Variable Decimal digits/instruction 1 to 12 Instruction word format +----------+------------------+---------------+---------------+ | Op Code | A-or I-address | B-address | d-character | +----------+------------------+---------------+---------------+ | X | XXXXX | XXXXX | X | | +------------------+ | | | |(X-control field) | | | | | XXX | | | +----------+------------------+---------------+---------------+
BRL 1961, IBM 1410, start page 0533
Photo by International Business Machines Corporation Operations which may be performed are addressing operations, program control operations, arithmetic operations, logic operations, indexing, general data operations, input-output operations and checking operations. To read out an address from storage, a device is needed to accept the address characters and keep them until the complete address has been read out. The devices used to do this are the address registers. Instruction Address Register. The Instruction Address Register is a 5-character register. The address read into it specifies the initial address of an instruction in core storage. A-Address Register. This register accepts a 5-character address that specifies the storage location of the first A-field character involved in the operation. B-Address Register. This register accepts a 5-character address that specifies the storage location of the first B-field character involved in the operation. Op Register. The Op-register (operation) is a 1character register that stores the operation code of the instruction in process. I/0 Channel Select Register, Unit Select Register, and Unit Number Register. These registers accept the hundreds, tens, and unit positions of the X-control field that designates an I/0 device. The hundreds position specifies the data transmission channel. The tens position specifies the I/0 device. The units position specifies the number of that device such as tape drive 2. There are 15 Indexing Registers of 5 characters each. The 1410 uses stored-program instructions to cause input and output devices to operate. These instructions perform all the tape, RAMAC, arithmetic, logical, general data, and miscellaneous operations. The actual operation to be performed is indicated by the format and contents of the instruction itself. The basic instruction format for the 1410 is divided into 4 parts - the operation code, the A-or I-address (5-characters), the B-address (5-characters), and a d- character modifier to the operation code. Because of the variable length instruction format, the length of a valid instruction can vary from 1 to 12 characters. An instruction word may also have an X-control field (3-characters) which designates an input-output device. Programming aids include basic autocoder, advanced autocoder, with Macro instructions and an input/output package, FORTRAN, report generator, tape sorts, RAMAC sorts, utility programs, and COBOL.
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ARITHMETIC UNIT Add to storage system of logic is used to perform these operations. Arithmetic mode Parallel Timing Synchronous Operation Concurrent STORAGE No. of Access Media Characters Microsec Magnetic Core 40,000 4.5/char Magnetic Disc (1405)10,000,000(Model 1) 100,000 min 20,000,000(Model 2) 800,000 max Up to 5 disc units may be connected to the system. Thus, 5 Model 2 RAMAC units will have a capacity of 100,000,000 digits. Magnetic Tape 729 (II and IV) No. of units that can be connected 10 Units No. of char/linear inch 200 or 556 Char/inch Channels or tracks on the tape 7 Tracks/tape Blank tape separating each record 0.75 Inches Tape speed 75 or 112.5 Inches/sec Transfer rate 15,000; 22,500; 41,667; 62,500 Chars/ sec Start time 10.8 or 7.3 Millisec Stop time 10.8 or 7.3 Millisec Average time for experienced operator to change reel of tape 30 - 60 Seconds Physical properties of tape Width 0.5 Inches Length of reel 2,400 Feet Composition Mylar Mylar is DuPont's registered trade mark for Polyester Film. IBM Magnetic Tape Unit 7330 operates at less speed and cost than the 729 Units. Both units utilize the two gap head and dual level sensing. Thus, a parity error is detected when the character is written. Characteristics of the disc files are 10 or 20 million alpha- numeric characters per file, up to five files - 100,000,000 characters, up to 3 arms per file-maximun of 12 arms to a system, 200 characters per record, average access time - 500 ms. - 600 ms., one instruction to read a full track - 1,000 characters, and read and write overlapped with processing if overlap device is on Channel 1. INPUT Media Speed Cards (1402-2 Read/punch) 800 cards/min Magnetic Tape 729 11 15,000 or 41,000 char/sec 729 IV 22,500 or 62,500 char/sec 7330 7,200 or 20,000 char/sec Paper Tape 500 char/sec OUTPUT Media Speed cards (1402-2 Read/punch) 250 cards/min Printer (1403) 600 lines/min Magnetic Tape As above System utilizes an IBM 1414 Input-Output synchronizer, allowing CPU to compute while an input-output device is operating. Card units are completely buffered and checked. Printer operates at 75 inches/ second, 100 or 132 char/line, with high speed carriage skipping., Magnetic tape units have optional overlap and dual gap heads for write checking. The characteristics of the input-output synchronizers are: The 1414-I has controls for 729 Tape Units and can attach 10 tapes to 1414-I. The 1414-II has controls for 7330 Tape Units and can attach 10 tapes to 1414-II. The 1414-III has controls for 1402 Card Read/punch and 1403 Printer, can attach 1-1402 and 1-1403, and has controls and buffers for other devices, e.g. paper tape input at 500 char/sec, which uses 5, 6, 7, or 8 channel tape. System can have a maximum of three 1414's, one lk14- iii, and two 1414-II's or I's, thus a maximum of 20 tapes is possible. CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM System is composed of solid state, printed circuit, modular- cube components. CHECKING FEATURES Special checking features in the IBM 1410 Data Processing System assure reliability and accuracy of results. Checks must be made on the validity of data handled by the input-output units and one the handling of data within the system itself. Some of the checks include: legitimate instruction codes, arithmetic overflows, valid signs of numerical quantities, and many others. In many cases, it is not necessary to interrupt machine operation when an error condition is detected. The programmer can insert branch instructions to recognize certain types of errors as exceptions. An error in reading a record from tape, for example, can be programmed to backspace the tape and re-read the record. If a correct reading is obtained the second time, normal operation continues. If the error persists, operation can be interrupted, or the incorrect record can be noted and operation continued. Some machine check indicators, however, stop all processing immediately. They indicate such conditions as: a blown fuse, a broken tape, and card ,jams. Three internal self-checking features incorporated into that 1410 system are parity, validity, and hole count. Parity Checking The 1410 uses an odd-bit parity system of recording binary- coded-decimal information. Each character is checked at various locations in the system to be sure that it has an odd number of bits. If a parity error occurs, a console light is turned on to indicate the error location. Validity Checking If an invalid combination of punches enters the system through the card reader, the validity-check circuits detect it and turn on the read-check light on the card reader. Hole-Count Checking To provide additional reliability of data that are read or punched, the system employs a hole-count check feature. To perform hole-count checking, the system keeps an internal count of the total number of holes read from each column at the read- check station. The system compares this number against another count of the total number of holes read from the same column of the same card, when it passes the read station. Hole-count checking is also performed during punching operations. The count of the total number of holes to be punched in each cola is retained internally for one punch-feed cycle. Another column
BRL 1961, IBM 1410, start page 0535
by-column hole count is taken when this same card passes the punch-check station, and the two counts are compared. If a hole-count error (unequal comparison of holecount totals) occurs in the reader or punch, the system indicates the unit in error. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Unit Dimensions (Inches) Weight (Lbs) Service Clearance (Inches) KVA Width Depth Height (Maximum) Sides Front and Rear 1402 Model 2 58 30 5/8 45 1,400 36 36 1403 47 3/4 29 53 1/4 750 30 36 1405 61 30 70 2,090 48 30 5.3 1411 146 31 70 2,800 2 43 14.0 1414 Models 1, 2, 3 38 31 70 600 2 43 1414 Model 4 74 31 70 1,200 2 43 1415 70 29 44 300 - - 729 11, IV 29 1/8 33 7/8 69 1/4 1,200 2 30 1.5 7330 29 31 58 500 2 30 1.0 Compressor 40 33 29 700 30 30 4.0 System requires 208V or 230V (+-10%), 3 phase, 60 cycle Arrangement of units of the 1410 depends largely on the size and shape of the machine area, the system configuration, and the cable lengths available. Other factors to consider are customer- engineering service space, operator convenience, and visibility of units from a central operating position. Where space is limited, service clearance of adjacent units may overlap. Storage and file area for cards, forms, and magnetic tape should be located conveniently in or near the . machine room. Space near the 1410 is also required for customer-engineering test and maintenance equipment. The 1410 system does not require raised flooring. However, a raised floor reduces the possibility of damage to cables, and presents a more attractive appearance of the installation. Air conditioning equipment must maintain the machineroom area within certain limits of temperature and humidity: Temperature 60 - 90oF. Relative humidity 20 - 80% Air Filtration 20% minimum (by National Bureau of Standards discoloration test) These limits can be extended to 50-110oF. and 0-80% R. H. during non-operational periods. Low tempera- ture and high humidity may cause moisture condensa- tion. High temperatures deteriorate solid-state com- ponents. If IBM cards and magnetic tape are not stored in the machine room, the storage area should be maintained at 50-90oF. and 30- 65% R. H. for IBM cards, and 40-120oF. and 0-8o% R. H. for magnetic tape. Recording instruments are recommended to provide a continuous record of temperature and humidity conditions in both the machine room and storage area. Normal room air conditioning is usually adequate to accommodate the added heat generated. The table shows the approximate heat dissipation and air-flow for units of the 1410 system. Unit BTU/hr CFM 1402 Model 2 5,600 390 1403 2,600 310 1405(first unit) 7,240 800 each additional 1405 4,400 600 1411 18,000 2,000 1414 Model 1 2,130 500 Model 2 1,825 500 Model 3 2,560 500 Model 4 5,560 1,000 1415 940 -- 729 II 4,310 350 Iv 3,520 350 7330 2,400 400 Compressor 10,800 300 COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Basic System Central Processing Unit 1411 Card Read-Punch 1402-2 High Speed Printer Console 1415 Additional Equipment Magnetic Tape 729 II Magnetic Tape 729 IV Magnetic Tape 7330 Disc Storage 1405 Input-Output Synchronizer 1414-1-2-3-4 ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Add to memory type instructions Add two fields and store result in one instruction No limit on size of result Table look-up on high-low-equal or any combination Flit, and expanded edit, are standard Multiply and divide are standard Any instruction can be indexed Fifteen 5-position index registers Increment or decrement Move entire record or any part with one instruction Additional logical instructions High-low-equal compare Zero balance test Overflow test Test digit or character Store address register instructions INSTALLATIONS International Business Machines Corporation 590 Madison Avenue New York, N. Y.
BRL 1961, IBM 1620, start page 0536

IBM 1620

IBM 1620 Data Processing System MANUFACTURER International Business Machines Corporation
Photo by International Business Machines Corporation Engineer adjusts paper tape which feeds data to IBM 1620 Data Processing System at the rate of 150 characters a second. The IBM 1620 is a compact, all transistorized computer which handles the complicated formulas encountered in solving engineering and scientific problems in industry. Additions and subtractions are performed by the 1620 at the rate of more than 1700 a second for five-digit numbers. The use of conventional decimal arithmetic and simplified programming techniques, large-capacity core memory, and high-speed operation are among features of the new computer. A general purpose computer in the scientific area that features magnetic core storage. APPLICATIONS Manufacturer System is used for the solution of problems in petro- leum, public utilities, optics, general manufacturing, general engineering, civil engineering, and electronics. American Machine & Foundry Co., Mechanics Research Div. Located at 7501 North Natchez Avenue, Niles, Illinois, the system is used primarily for achute design, thermodynamics (e.g. heat engines,structural design, soil loading, operations research, and servo system analysis. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Manufacturer Internal number system Binary coded decimal Decimal digits/word Variable field Decimal digits/instruction 12 Instructions/word Variable field 1 per 12 digits Instructions decoded 32 Arithmetic system Fixed point Variable field fixed point; programmed floating point (8.5 millisec/floating add. Instruction type Two address Number range Variable field
BRL 1961, IBM 1620, start page 0536
Instruction word format +--------------+----------------+---------------+ | 1 2 | 3 7 | 8 12 | +--------------+----------------+---------------+ | Operation | P Address | Q Address | +--------------+----------------+---------------+ Automatic coding includes Symbolic Programming System, ForTran, and Go Tran. Indirect addressing plus immediate instructions are available instead of indexing. Immediate instructions are standard. Indirect addressing is optional at $25 monthly rental. Branch transmit instruction provides single instruction linkage to subroutines. ARITHMETIC UNIT Manufacturer Incl Stor Access Microsec Add (10 digit 960 Mult (10 digit) 17,700 Div 16,800 The 1620 is a 2-address system and times given above include access time to the two operands and the storing of the result. Divide time includes loading dividends. Table look up arithmetic is used. Table is stored in main memory of magnetic cores. Aritbmetic mode Serial Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential STORAGE Manufacturer No. of Access Medium No. of Words Digits Microsec Magnetic Core Variable Field 20,000-60,000 20 INPUT Manufacturer Media Speed Paper Tape 150 char/sec (8-channel) Typewriter Manual (Alphanumeric) Cards 250 cards/min (Buffered) OUTPUT Manufacturer Media Speed Paper Tape 15 char/sec (8-channel) Typewriter 10 char/sec (Alphanumeric) Cards 125 cards/min (Buffered) CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Diodes/Quan Diodes/Quan Diodes/Quan GS 174 AES 48 AS 1 FS 342 J3 24 AU 26 9 Transistors/Quan Transistors/Quan Transistors/Quan - 4 039 969 078 36 015 48 065 48 083 172 025 436 071 78 086 40 033 1,357 Magnetic Cores/Quan Magnetic Cores/Quan 17 120,000 24 200 18 384 CHECKING FEATURES Parity check on input, output, and internal manipulations of data. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Manufacturer Power, computer 2 Kw Area, computer 22 sq ft Weight, computer 1,210 lbs Special air conditioning or site preparation are not required. AMF Installed in air conditioned building. No special modifications were made. PRODUCTION RECORD Time required for delivery 10 months PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS AMF One supervisor and one programmer for one 8-hour shift. Operation tends toward open shop. Methods of training includes group instruction in Fortran. FUTURE PLANS The following organizations are replacing their IBM 610 Systems with the IBM 1620 Systems: U. S. Naval Propellant Plant, Crane, Indiana U. S. Army Transportation Research Command, Mathematical Sciences Division, Fort Eustis, Virginia Lockheed Electronics Company, Plainfield, New Jersey University of Louisville, Computing Laboratory, Louisville 8, Kentucky INSTALLATIONS American Machine & Foundry Co., Mechanics Research Division, 7501 N. Natchez Avenue, Niles, Illinois Institute of Technology, Air University, Wright- Patterson Air Force Base` Ohio COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES Monthly Maintenance Manufacturer Charge Based on Age Model or Monthly Purchase of Machine in Months Components Feature No. Charge Price 0-36 37-72 73-108 1620 Central Processing Unit 1 $1,375 $64,000 $76.75 $78.50 $81.00 Automatic Divide 47 55 2,400 2.75 2.75 2.75 Indirect Addressing 493 25 1,150 1.50 1.50 1.50 1621 Paper Tape Reader 1 200 9,100 14.50 14.50 17.50 1622 Card Read Punch 1 625 30,000 51.00 68.25 94.00 1623 Core Storage (20,000 positions) 1 800 39,500 29.00 32.50 36.oo (40,000 positions) 2 1,275 62,400 35.75 39.50 45.25 961 Tape Punch (8-track) 1 25 1,400 4.75 5.25 6.75 Monthly charges and rental rate, plus taxes when applicable. (Note: In our opinion, the 1620 system, with the exception of the 961 Tape Punch, at the present time is considered not to be subject to Manufacturers' Federal Exise Tax.) Monthly maintenance charge applies to first 176 hours of use. Each hour of use beyond the 176 is billable at the rate of 1/176th of the charge listed. Purchase price plus charge to field install of $40.00 for Automatic Divide, $35.00 for Indirect Addressing.


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